총 8페이지

THEORY&CRITIQUE
7
www.theargus.org
NOVEMBER7,2006
WhocondemnedIslamawickedreligion?
Insteadofgenuinedoctrine,Islamhasbeeninterpretedbymortalintention
and Jesus. Therefore, Islam believes that
monotheistic traditions (Judaism doesn’t
mindedness of being the religion for only
brutality of Christians. In a chronicle by
wars?ThewarbetweenChristiansandIslam
ByNamSeok-ho
there is only one true God, the same as in
acceptthatJesuswasapropheteither).
Jewish people and let Judaism be. It also
RaoulDeCarmen,whowasacrusaderatthe
knownastheBattleoftheCrusadesincludes
ReporterofTheory&CritiqueSection
Christianity. Although the Muslims
turned its back on Christianity by rejecting
time, it describes that “We the crusaders
variouscausesandpurposes.Headded,“We
(followers of Islam) respect and follow all
Fivepractices
theChristiandoctrinecalledtheholytrinity.
haveputadultsofheresyintoalargepotand
canseethepurposeoftheBattleofCrusades
L
ast month, the Yonhap News Agency
theseprophetsasprophetsofGod,theydon’t
The five practices are the confession of
Islam feels this doctrine is inconsistent
boiledthemattheMaratenNuman.Wealso
beingsecuringterritoryandreinforcementof
reported that the Pope Benedict XVI
follow any of these prophets as subjects
faith and worship, fasting, charity (like the
becauseitconflictswiththeoneGodbelief
pierced their children with skewer and
rulingpower.Itcanbeconsideredassolving
stated that “Islam is evil and inhuman
havingdivinity.TheonlydivinityinIslamis
tithes of Christianity) and pilgrimage to the
with “man=God.” Today, while the trouble
burnedthem.”
increasingpopulationandfoodproblemsby
religionspreadingfaiththroughsword,”ina
that of God himself. The faith of Muslims
Holy Land. These practices are common to
and conflict between Islam and Judaism or
The Christian reign of Jerusalem was
securing more territory and Christian and
speech in Germany. Islamic groups and
starts from the confession of faith (which
Christianityalso.Finally,thereis“Jihad”and
Christianity(whichisevencalledthe“clash
handedbacktoIslamonceagainlessthana
Islamic rulers trying to consolidate their
religious leaders strongly refuted this
SunniMuslimscallcalled“shahada”)which
this can be included or excluded depending
of civilization”) has the antagonism from
century later. Compare the history of
sovereigntythroughwar.”
statement. On September 17, an Italian nun
pledges, “There is no god but God and
on denomination. In the early stages of
differenceofdoctrines,thegreatercausesare
Saladin, who was the highest warrior of
Here, we have no choice but to ask the
was attacked in Somalia and an Orthodox
MuhammadistheprophetofGod.”
Islam’sexpansion,Jihadhadbeenrestrained
overbygonewarsrepeatedoverhistoryand
Islam at the time, his soldiers showed the
question, is basic source of creating such
ChurchonthewesternbankofJordanRiver
ThecoredoctrinesofIslamaresixbeliefs
as much as possible toward inducing war
racismbetweengroups.Thewarbetweenthe
mercyofnotinflictinganyharmtocivilians
phenomena religion itself? We can think of
was torched by furious Islam followers.
andfivepractices.Thefirstofthesixbeliefs
with physical violence or killing people in
WesternallianceandArabsstartedlongago
and not destroying the churches or holy
the problem being people trying to
Finally,thePopeawareofthesituationmade
isacceptingAllah.Thismeansshowingfaith
conquered areas and the Jihad for financial
as Islam power. The conquering of the
groundsasheconqueredJerusalem.Thishas
understand history through the lens of
an official apology. However, on Sept.18,
towards the only God. This becomes the
purposes had been prohibited. But Islam
Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal of
tobeshamefulhistoryforChristians.
religion.Inotherwords,westernpowerand
the highest leader of Iran, Khamenei,
most fundamental thing for believers and is
radicals of later generation reapplied Jihad
today) by crossing the Strait of Gibraltar in
With the arrival of modern times, the
Islamic power both have been interpreting
showed strong hostility by saying that the
the foundation and pillar of Islamic belief.
by interpreting it politically due to the
711hadrepeatedcontinuouslyuntilthe9/11
Christian power of capitalism once again
the history of all disputes and conflicts as
recentstatementbythePopewasintendedto
Therefore, doubting the existence,
historical and political situations they were
terrorinNewYorkin2001.
became the colonial ruler. The invading
religious wars and the same goes for the
restart the crusades against Muslims. In
disparaging or personifying “the only God”
facedwith.Forexample,Islamhadjustified
In 1071, the Christian Emperor
powers vandalized the home of Islam
presenttimes.Thecaseofterritorialdisputes
addition, war in Iraq, a source of hatred is
is considered the greatest sin, which cannot
physical confrontation with the Christian
Constantinople, who had been weakened
followers again by supporting Israel. In the
between Israel and its neighbors is even
stillburningduetothelackofunderstanding
beforgiveninIslam.Secondisbelievingin
crusaders. But Muhammad also stated that
tremendouslyduetoexpansionofMuslims,
Middle East conflict between Israel and
moreserious.Inresult,politicalandreligious
and compromise between these two
the existence of angels and third, accepting
thebestformofJihad,whichistheessence
suffered a greater defeat because of the
Islamiccountrieswhichhadcontinuedsince
leadersareconnectinginternationaldisputes
religions.
thefactthattheQu’ranistheperfectwordof
ofJihad,isexecutedwithoutusingswordor
Seljuk people which was the new Islamic
the World War , the Christians have been
with religion to cloud the core of event. In
God,deliveredtomankind.Fourth,believing
weaponandmustcomefromthemercyand
dynasty.Atthetime,theSeljukdynastywas
the enemies and through the Gulf War of
other words, it means that the problem is
DoctrinesofIslam
thatthelastjudgmentday,whenheavenand
tolerance of Allah. However, Jihad is now
also ruling Jerusalem. Because of this, the
1990andinvasionofAfghanistanstartedin
people making interpretations for their own
Incontrasttowhatpeoplegenerallythink,
hellaredecidedupondependingonsin,will
being used more frequently in modern
Emperor Constantinople began to worry
2001,theChristianshavealwaysappearedto
advantage. Perhaps God is sighing about
Islam is a monotheistic religion, and values
come. Fifth is that the fate of mankind is
society.Jihadistakingplacethroughvarious
about whether the people of Seljuk would
Islam followers as “The blood hungry
continuouswarsbypeoplewhowereunable
totalobedienceandsubmissiontothewillof
alreadydecidedbyGod.
eventssuchasthe9/11terrorcrisis,thewar
evenblockthepilgrimageroutetoJerusalem
calamity” and so, the conflict between two
to understand the true meaning
God.Theword“God”thatAllahmeantwas
Sixth is that the apostles, the people
between the United States and Iraq,
along with fear of his own survival; even
religions hasn’t shown any sign of
givenbyGod.
the name for the only one true God. While
chosenbyGod,mustbeaccepted.Although
confrontationsbetweenIsraelandtheMiddle
though it hadn’t been blocked in reality. So
pacification.
“Islam”(obedienceorpeaceinetymological
IslamemphasizesthefactthatMuhammadis
East, etc. Lee Ju-hwa, the Korean Islam
theemperorrequestedsupportfromthePope
zorro@hufs.ac.kr
meaning) means the way to gain peace by
the last prophet, they accept many people
mission director, stated, “Israel has invaded
and Christian rulers by suggesting the
When we examine the doctrine of two
obeyingGodandfollowinghiswill.Thereis
whomappearedintheOldTestament,New
Palestine using military force, backed by
organizationofamilitarypilgrimageforthe
parties they are not belligerent or evil
onlyonedivinityinIslamandisbasedona
Testament and the Qu’ran, such as Adam,
powerful countries, and the people of
purpose of protecting the pilgrimage route
doctrines. Then it seems that the crusades
strictoneandonlygodconceptinwhichno
Noah, Abraham, Jonah and Jobe, etc.
Palestinehavelosttheircountry.That'swhy
andultimatelyreclaimingJerusalem.Asthe
have been the problem of leaders. They
humancanbedeifiedorhaveholiness.The
Despite the fact that Jews and Christians
the Hamath leaders have risen, expanding
political and commercial ambitions are
needed the participation of many European
Qu’ran, AKA the Koran, is a scripture
consider Islam as heresy, Muslims consider
themeaningofJihad.Here,Jihadcannotbe
combined with religious vigor, the first
countries in order to start the war to begin
receiving divine messages from God, along
Moses or Jesus as prophets to respect and
interpreted as merely killing people. It is
crusade expedition started at last. In 1099,
with. For such participation, the fact that
with the Old and New Testament.
praise.AllfivearticlesconcurwithJudaism
makingphysical,mentalandmaterialefforts
the crusaders finally restored Jerusalem and
they're going through a war based on a
Muhammad is considered the final apostle
and Christianity. Nevertheless, there
forkeepingafaithfullife.”Finally,hestated
recovered Christian sovereignty. But the
commongoal,religion,couldjustifythewar
chosen by God. He sits
is one huge difference. In
that,“ThecommonobjectpursuedbyIslam,
Christian followers started their sense of
for their needs. Although there was a time
alongside many other
contrast to Christianity,
Judaism or Christianity is the spreading of
hatred and grudge against Islam. The
when Islam suppressed Europe by
prophets like Moses
although the Qu’ran accepts
the teachings of God to many people.” He
crusaders intentionally massacred all
conquest and an expansionist policy, it
thefactthatJesuswasborn
alsoadded,“Buttheonlydifferenceisatthe
MuslimsofJerusalemincludingwomenand
can be explained as just one of the
from the Virgin Mary, it
methodology of belief. Islam pursues
children.Theyalsodestroyedallholyplaces
events, like Napoleon or Alexander the
NamSeok-ho/TheArgus
denies the fact that Jesus
tolerancetootherreligionsandcoexistence.”
ofIslam.
Great,becauseatthetime,Islamwas
was crucified or that
To modern-day Arabian people who
atitsheight.
JesusisthesonofGod.
Occurrence of the Battle of Crusades:
believeinIslam,theChristianfollowershave
Professor Ryu Dal-sung
It also believes that
WarwithIslamandChristianworld
been the cause of invasion and destruction
stated,“Thehistoryof
there won’t be any
Islam has its root in Judaism just like
thathaveneveractedpeacefully.Thefactis
mankindhashadso
more prophets until
Christianity.Islamissomething,whichbinds
that Christian followers were the disaster
many wars that it
thejudgmentday.
thementalworldofArabs,whichisdivided
itself to Islam followers. The battle or
could be called as
Here lies the
by many races and religions as they serve
crusades, which had started in 1095 and
the history of war.
greatest difference
various sorts of Gods. Although Islam had
lastedfor200yearswasadisasterdestroying
Is there any true
from the other
acceptedtheconceptofhavingonlyoneGod
and vandalizing the life and property of
justicefromancient
MyeongDongcathedral,establishedin1898
Koreamuslimfederation,initaewon
g r e a t
from Judaism, it rejected the narrow-
Islamic followers. There are details on
wars or modern
Digest&Focus
Professor sopinion
Somethingspecialinmyth
Truthoflifeinliterature
I
f we were to gain more accurate and
than master Greek myth if they take the
ownway.
deepunderstandingonGreekmyth,itis
courseforjustonesemester.Buttheyare
We must focus on the method to find
necessarytoatleastreadtheoriginaltext
surprised when they see the endlessly
outaboutGreekmythproperly.Wemust
ofGreekmyth.Thenshouldn’twebeable
spreading ground and mysterious woods
become familiar with the method of
ByLeeHyae-myung
toreadGreekfirst?Butyoudon’thaveto
as they come into small island called
feeling and thinking like ancient Greeks.
EditorialConsultant
become hopeless because you can’t read
Greekmyth.Thereissomethingspecialin
That is the only way we can weave
Greek.Althoughmostpeopledidn’thave
myth. That’s because the experience and
network of meaning which has been
W
ith the so-called “Humanities
muchinterestintheoriginaltextofGreek
insightoflifebyhumanbeingsthroughout
infinitely cut off within Greek myth.
Crisis,”literatureisbeingneglected
myth, there are many complete
centuries are smeared in it. Actually, the
Furthermore,wewouldbeabletodiscover
by the majority of people. Among the
translations in this country. Needless to
difficult thing is not the myth itself.
theuniversaloriginalformofhumanmind
manygenresofliterature,poetryisagenre
saytherearemoreyettobetranslated.The
which Greek myth represents. But this
thatmostofthestudentsfeelisdifficultor
“plot” of Greek myth came from Greek
isn’touronlypurposefortryingtofindout
boring.OnOctober26,HwangDong-kyu,
epic poems, lyric poems, tragedy and
aboutGreekmyth.Howthismythcanbe
a poet, famous for his works such as
philosophy. Presently, the works of
experienced and applied to us in these
Pungjang (Wind burial), and Jeulgeoun
HomerosandHesiodosaretranslatedfrom
modern times is even more important.
Pyeonji (A happy letter), gave a lecture
their original text in our country. The
Even in case where we are not sure of
withthetitle“WhydoIdoliterature.”The
Greekmythhadbeenwrittenoveralmost
what the myth is trying to imply in an
lecture took place at the Multimedia
800 years from Homeros to Ovidius.
instant, it has meanings and rules in its
Lecture Building of Seoul National
Many Greek and Roman authors had
own way. It’s just that understanding the
University.
made various stories with Greek myth as
implication is difficult because it is not
thesubjectmatterandmanyeditionshave
familiar and even strange at time to us
Digest
been created as the result. They are
livinginmoderntimes.
PoetHwangDong-kyuonthelectureatSNU.
LeeHyae-myung/TheArgus
Hwang Dong-kyu preceded his lecture
conveying one story with various
It seems very easy to become friends
with a belief that literature is more
of the time when he started writing the
literature has a character which makes it
methods. Therefore, the story can be
with myth. That’s because there’s
meaningful than other studies since
poem, Jeulgeoun Pyeonji. “I was in love
hardtobeusedforotherpurposessuchas
compiled in a very different viewpoint
somethinginitwhichfascinatesusevenif
literature expresses the “truth in life.” He
with a woman, and I wanted to write a
politicalpurposes,throughouthistorythere
depending on how we see it. Even with
we encounter it without knowing
took examples of various literary works,
really beautiful poem of love to impress
has been precedents that show literature
Greek era, it had different methods of
anything. The special ability which myth
such as Shakespeare’s King Lear, Hamlet
her.However,asIwentonwriting,Icould
has not always kept itself inside its
explaining gods and human beings
Doesn’tthewordmythstandfor“story”?
hasisthatitmakesushavemanythoughts
andThomasMann’sDerZauberberg(The
nothelpbutwritetherealisticsidesoflife
characteristic clean-side. Literature is a
according to early period, middle period
There is nobody who doesn’t understand
on ourselves and the world with stories
MagicMountain).
and love; the limitations of love. I could
piece of writing that expresses human
and latter period. Moreover, far greater
myth even if it has been encountered for
thatmightseemtohappeninourdailylife.
With the example of Shakespeare’s
not fully express what I wanted to in the
beings emotions and thoughts. Through
changes occur as they get to the Roman
thefirsttime.Butthemythisnotasimple
Perhaps that’s why it feels like Alice
works, Hwang asserted that in
poem because such stark honesty was the
howitiswritten,andunderstood,different
era. That’s because the reason and
story. The myth becomes very
falling into rabbit’s tunnel as we inquire
Shakespeare’stragedies,thecharactersthat
reality of the time that could not be
rolescanbegiven.Nevertheless,asHwang
awareness of living in this world get
complicatedaspeopletrytofindoutmore
into Greek myth. We get to experience
represented the morality and goodness of
neglected.”
said, along with other roles, literature still
changedalongwithpolitical,historicaland
about it. In order to interpret this Greek
extraordinary things in a completely
the Middle Ages are destroyed by the
plays an important role of reminding
philosophical backgrounds. Every one of
myth, we must at least be aware of how
different world. But as we gradually
characters that represent the craftiness of
Focus
people of the truth in human being, and
students who are taking my Greek myth
the myth has been created. First, it is
become familiar with it, We get to think
theRenaissance.“Thatwasthetruthoflife
Hwang concluded his lecture saying,
truthinlifeitself.
class say that “It’s interesting but
necessarytoexaminethehistoric,cultural,
that it isn’t so unfamiliar. That’s because
at the time. That was how the real
“Literature is a work of a human being
For a long, long time, literature has
difficult.”Isn’tthisthemostidealanswer?
political and philosophical background of
everythingseemstohaveseenatonetime
situationswere,”hesaid.
who cannot ignore the truth of life.
touched countless readers’ hearts with
But there is one thing that I became
era in which the people who have been
somewhere. Like Alice in Wonderland,
Aboutpoetry,heremarkedthatpoetryis
Literaturewhichcannotgiveupontruthof
veracityandsincerity,anditwillcontinue
curious about. Why do the students think
talking and hearing of myth from long
exploring the world of myth would be
agenrewherethechoiceofwordsmatters
human beings is hard to be used as a
onitsrolewithwriterswhodonotneglect
that Greek myth is difficult? Naturally,
ago.Inwesterncountries,theresearchon
veryinteresting.Althoughitisdifficultto
more than other types of literature, and in
method for an ideology or desire of the
the truth in life, whether such truth is
that would be because they’ve been
Greece has been performed through
live like myth, following up with myth
poetrytruthinlifecanmakethepoetsgive
writer. This is what makes literature to be
painfulordelightful.
thinking vaguely that Greek myth is
variousformsofstudies.It’sjustthatthese
isn’t so difficult as we think. But getting
upontheirintentionsorfigureoutthenew
placedatsuperiorheightthanotherstudies
“easy.” So there are many cases where
researches haven’t been particularly
graduallydifficultafterbeingeasyatfirst
structuresoflife.Asanexample,hereada
fromanethicalpointofview.Inthisworld
theytakethisasastrategiccourse.Thatis
introducedtous.Ifweinterpretthemyth
goessameforlifeormyth.
few of his own works and explained how
ofgreed,literatureisthespiritandvitality
to say the Greek myth is a subject which
in our own way without being aware of
ChangYoung-ran
his intention changed as he wrote the
thatwemustbringupwiththeagonyofthe
they take without caring about it. The
GreeksinGreeceatall,itwouldbesame
poems.
eraandjoyofcreation.”
students with such simple thought get to
as just hearing what other people tell us
Classical'sunderstanding
Hwang Dong-kyu described an episode
AlthoughHwangDong-kyuassertedthat
jorongi@hufs.ac.kr
panic at first. Most think they can more
and saying this and that about it in our

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