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THEARGUS,MAY1,2000
THEORY&CRITIQUE
AnalyzingPDRSystemTheory
BooksOfferNewChancesto
BalanceofCapitalandLabor
AcademicSocietiesofHUFS
T
he Progressive Information Center
of academic societies, study of social
CreatesProductions
published a book for taking a step
sciences and techknowlege. This is to get
forwardintheacademicmovement.Thisis
academic societies’s on the right track by
the first published result since this was
offeringfundamentaldata.
started in December of last year.
Thisbookwaspublishedonthebasisof
UniversitiesintheKoreanSocietyarenot
data obtained from the progressive
D
isputes
between
labor
and
disciplinary measures. The production,
only organizations for cultivating
information center and groups of other
management have been an ongoing
distribution, and rule-making system must
manpower, but also the source for
universities.Thecenterbesidespublishing
struggle. Their complications is in the
makeacombinationtohaveaneffect.
presenting social-sensitive issues. The
thebook,willalsoholdopenseminarson
relationship where it is, control or be
When the sub-system is optimum
reasonuniversitiesplayedsucharolewas
account of the book. The data produced
controlled.Thereasonforthecomplications
combined state, the labor-management
duetotheexistenceofthesocialscienceof
from the open seminar will be conveyed
canbeseeninthreedimensions.Thefirstis
relationsystemisinbalance.Theconceptof
academicsocieties.Butnow,however,that
viapapers.Thepurposeofthepapersisto
the ideological dimension related with the
balance in this theory doesn’t refer to
function of academic societies has lost its
induce communication between academic
nation. The second is the economic
physical balance, but refers to biological
former reputation. The purpose of
societiesandalsogiveoutbookreviewand
dimension surrounding the various benefits
balance. As illness means the unbalance of
publishing this book is to examine the
information on lecture meetings of other
ofwage,andthethirdandfinalistheorganic
the substructure in Oriental medicine, the
problems and to find the road that the
universities. And when the opportunity
dimensionsurroundingthelaborunion.
dispute between labor and management
academicsocietyshouldtake.
arises, landmark events such as 4.3 and
The labor-management complications is
means the unbalance of the sub-system of
The Progressive Information Center
5.18 seminars will be held. During the
determinedtobeamajorindustrialproblem
thelabor-managementrelationship.
published this book to try and restore the
summer break, seminars will be held to
of present day society. And with this,
Thereare2reasonsfortheunbalance.One
trueroleoftheacademicsocietiesandthe
promote unity among organizations. The
professor Lee Hyo-soo of Youngnam
is the unbalance of the system. A good
systematizationofitsstudiesfromthepoint
accumulated data from these various
UniversitypresentedthePDRsystemtheory.
example is of the old system not
of view that the most important things to
eventsaretoincludedinthebookissuedin
This theory closes in on the employment
corresponding with the new system. The
solve are the communication between
the second semester. This is to reflect the
problemsoftheAsianindustry,gettingcredit
otherreasonistheunbalanceofcooperation.
academicsocietiesandco-ownershipofits
current status of HUFS’ academic
forsheddingnewlightontheissuefromthe
If the organization demands the sacrifice of
studies. These studies consist of argument
societies.
perspectiveoftheorists.
the employees, but doesn’t cooperate with
them,theproductionrelatedsystemwillnot
JapaneseMilitaryCriminals
I. The general concept of the PDR
beoperatedcorrectly.
Cooperation between labor and management is indispensable for increasing of
Systemtheory
production.
II.ThevalueoftheTheory
PDR stands for Production, Distribution,
tobePunished
andRule-making.
isdeterminedbytheinterrelationshipofthe
2)Distributionsystem
The harmony of the system decides the
As stated above, the PDR system theory
sub-systemsanditscontent.Thehumanware
The economic and non-economic system
employees’ living standards, products,
presumes that there exists an employment
system is divided into the employment
make up the distribution system. The non-
service, and effects. Normally, the labor-
P
relationshipinallorganizationswithalabor-
system, mind system, and the latent
economic system is also divided into the
management relationship is analyzed from
reparations for the `International
demanding the criminals’ punishment and
management system. The complications
development system, and this decides the
political distribution system and the social
the perspective of microscopic analysis.
Court of the Japanese Military’s Sex
compensation.
between labor and management lies in the
levelofhumanpotentialandpracticaluse.It
distribution system. The economic
Macroscopic analysis studies the relations
Crime’ismovingintofullstride.Thecourt
The opening ceremony was held at the
basic philosphical fact that the labor-
is in accordance with employment,
distributionsystemdeterminestheeconomic
fromanationaldimension.Themacroscopic
will be held from December 7 to 11, in
auditoriumofEwhawomansUniversityon
managementsystemislikethehumanbody,
placement,andpromotion.Themindsystem
status, such as wage, production outcome,
relations analyzes the industrial strategic
Tokyo,Japan.
April 28 with a performance which
where the multi-level sub-systems synthesis
produces.Organizationsareformedfromthe
andprofit.
choicetounderstandlabor.Theoutcomeof
Thearrangementcommitteeforthe2000
expressed the victims’ hardships. About
consists of a single living body. This is
mind system consisting of education,
The political distribution system
PDR is variation. As a result, associates of
court has already made on-the-spot
200participantsweregatheredattheplace
becausetherelationshipcanbedividedinto
creativity,andcooperation.
determines the laborer’s job satisfaction
organizations freely select strategy to get
investigations in the South Pacific, China
to see the Court. The documentary which
sub-systems and can also be combined into
Character, sensitivity, technique and
level. If the economic and job satisfaction
satisfyingresults.
and so on. They are also trying to obtain
was made with a year’s effort was
one.
intelligence education makes for a more
levels are simultaneously high, the
Following this theory, the mutual actions
testimonies from the female victims. The
screened. During the event, the members
The PDR system theory consists of
efficient production. The software system
employees of the organization are very
of the sub-system has an important effect.
lawyer, Park Wonsun, was appointed as
of the Students’ Mock Court gave deep
environment, the production subject, PDR
and the hardware system is related to the
satisfied with their current conditions.
Industry will develop evermore, and the
prosecutor representing Korea, and Cho
considerations in trying not to hurt the
system, and the labor-management
working environment. The ability level of
Employees are meeting their economic
labor-management relationship will change
sihyon, professor of Sungshin Women’s
victim’sfeelings.
relationship. But of course, all the elements
thehumanisdeterminedbythecontentand
desiresaswellasfeelingworkacheivement.
as the condition allows. The PDR system
Universityismakingadraftofindictment.
At court, the emperor of Japan was
are in some way connected to the labor-
levelofthehumanwaresystembecausethis
Generally, the realizations are high for
theory explains how the labor-management
Before the real court in December `the
indicted as a war criminal and accused of
management relationship. According to the
system can change the human ability into a
highlyeducatedpeople.Thismeansthatitis
relationship has and influence on the
International Students Mock Court for the
his crime during the war. The actual
theory,thelabor-managementsubjectmakes
creative one. Not only is the software and
high for not only the economic distribution
strategic choices of the organization, and
JapaneseMilitary’sSexCrime’washeldat
conditionsofthevictimsandtheassailants
the production, distribution, rule-making
hardware system needed for upgrading, but
system but also the political distribution
analyzation of the sub-systems. So, this
EwhaWomansUniversity.
alsobecamethesubjectofthediscussion.
system,andthesesub-systemsdeterminethe
the creative ability can be also used for
system.
theory will become the framework for
Thirty Korean students from Hongik,
Many opinions from the all sorts of
extent of productivity, flexibility, and
softwareandhardware.
analyzing the development of the labor-
Dongguk, Sungshin Women’s University
people were reflected in the judical
satisfaction. The PDR system theory helps
If the sub-system looses its balance, the
3)Rule-makingsystem
managementrelationshipdirection.
and also students from Japan participated.
decision.Itcametotheconclusionthatthe
understand the relationship of production,
managementalsolosesit.Forexample,ifan
The law for labor-management
Koreaistheonlycountrythathasprepared
criminalsnotonlytheJapanesebutalsothe
distribution,andrule-makingsystem.
organization institutes a new system, the
relationshipisenactedbythestandardofthe
this kind of event among the six victim
Korean society and its members who
organizationmustadjustitselftoit.Thishas
country,industry,andorganization.Andthe
countriesandJapan.
didn’tprovideanydecentlivingconditions
1)Productionsystem
themeaningthatthehumanwaresystemhas
regulations for the industry are decided by
Yang Mi-gang who has attended at the
forthevictimstoliveacomfortablelife.
The theory divides the production system
an influence on the competition of
company negotiations and labor-
court,saidthemeaningoftheCourtliesin
ByYeoJee-yeon
into 3 parts - humanware, software, and
oranizations.
management meetings. The rule-making
the fact that the students will be the main
argustnc@maincc.hufs.ac.kr
hardware system. The degree of production
system consists of reward, punishment, and
body in leading the movement of
LookingintoHenryDavidThoreau
GreatActivistwhoLiberatedthePeoplefromUnfairPower
HenryDavidThoreau(1817-1862)
warned us about these matters in the early
Sometimes his expressions are direct and
Through the article, he insisted that if
19th century. He is not only a well-known
sometimes metaphorical. `Walden’ is quite
human being becomes the slavery of
A
ftertheIndustrialRevolution,material
writer, but also a famous social activist. He
elaborateinitsconstruction.Eachchapteris
material civilization there is no meaning of
civilization progressed rapidly. The
once devoted himself to the struggle for a
composed of an essay, however, each is
UnitedStates’politicalindependence.
speed of development has particularly
moreprogressiveformofeducationaswell.
connectedwiththeothersorganically.Ifany
II.Hisviewsonlife
gathered pace in the last few decades. As
HediedonMay6thin1862attheageof44.
of them were removed, the overall
sciencedevelopsmoreandmore,ourwayof
Let’s examine the legacy of Henry David
frameworkwouldcollapse.
life changes at the same time. In the old
Thoreau.
Thoreau takes frugality, independence,
days, human beings adapted their lives to
2.‘CivilDisobedience’
generosity and sincerity as preconditions of
I.Literalworks
nature,butthesedays,changeoccursforour
Thoreaumaintainedtheclearstandthathe
any philosopher. Among them, he placed
ownconvenience.
would not support the U.S. government,
considerablepriorityonfrugality.Thereason
As a result, mankind is enjoying many
There are some writers who become
whichapprovedofslaveryanddeclaredwar
whyheenteredWaldenWoodsistocarryon
modern conveniences that our ancestors
famousafterdeath.Thisruleisapplicableto
on Mexico. So, he refused to pay his per
hisphilosophy.Hefoundmanydefectswith
couldneverhaveimagined.Wearenowfree
Thoreau. When he was alive, he had only
capitapolltaxandwasconfinedtoprisontill
modern conveniences. Although foods,
of the burden of heavy labor and leisure is
two books published; ‘A Week on the
his aunt paid his it. Two years later, he
cloths,andhousesarenecessitiesforpeople,
replacing our previous need for labor. But
Concord and Merrimack Rivers’, and
publicized ‘Civil Disobedience’ which
theyaremakingthemunhappy,hecriticized.
some side effects are occurring at the same
‘Walden: A Life in the Woods’. Even they
encapsulates his thoughts very well. Like
Whenitcametoclothing,hesatirizedthe
time. Although material civilization has
couldn’tattractmuchattentionfromreaders.
other works of Thoreau, ‘Civil
fact that people were somewhat
developedrapidly,moralshavenotkeptpace
He once said that “There are 900 books in
Disobedience’ did not draw any public
hypersensitive about their clothes, while
with the level of development. People are
my library, and I wrote 700 of them.” This
attention.
neglectingthemselves.
losingtheirsubjectivityandhumanity.
situationcarriedonforalongperiodafterhis
Inthe19thcentury,ithadagreateffecton
He also indicated that by investing too
So, the Argus introduces Thoreau, who
death.
Tolstoy, a Russian writer. However, the
much money in luxury homes people were
However,the20thcenturyreevaluatedhis
valueofthepublicationwasunknowntothe
diggingtheirowngraves.Eventhoughthey
Above picture describes the concord street where Thoreau lived. His family lived
works. His publications went public for the
world till Mahatma Ghandi read the book
areofferedmodernhouses,thereisnopoint
thereuntilThoreaubecameadult.
first time, one after another. People started
andwastouchedbyit.Ghandiregardeditas
if the people who live in them are not
reading his books including his poems and
a text that formed his philosophy. He
innovativeenoughtoadapttochange.
14journals.Academicinstitutionsembraced
stressedthathediscoveredagreatteacherin
He is known to have been very
movements for human rights. He made
have one thing in common with our
his thought and public events were
Thoreau and named his movement after
conservation minded when it came to food.
speeches on John Brown, who was
forebear: The fact that each of us suffers
sponsoredinhisname.
‘CivilDisobedience’.Afterthat,ithasbeen
HetoldothersthathisexperienceinWalden
sentenced to death because of his anti-
from a general feeling of self-contradiction,
There are two well-known anecdotes
affective in the struggle of English labor
Woods taught him that the amount of food
slavery activity. He petitioned the
loss of self-awareness, a sense of alienation
about Thoreau. One is that Thoreau lived
agitators and activists fighting for human
required for survival is far less than we
government for the great activist when he
and uneasiness toward modern society
nearWaldenWoodsforabouttwoyearsand
rights like Martin Luther King Jr. It has
wouldhaveimagined.
was alive and continued his lecture series
caused by a technological and scientific
theotheristhatThoreaurefusedtopaypoll
encouragedmanypeoplewhofoughtagainst
Thoreau also stressed the importance of
called‘AftertheDeathofJohnBrown’.
culture.
tax as an expression of civil disobedience.
injustice.
practice. He thought that even the greatest
He taught the public the notion of ‘civil
Modern civilization has become so
These affected his works: ‘Walden’ and
theories were useless without practice and
disobedience’ with the help of his brother.
complicated that it causes more serious
‘CivilDisobedience’.
3.Otherworks
that conducting what she thought was a
He was the first man to conduct non-
mental disorders than Thoreau’s age did.
Except from ‘Walden’ and ‘Civil
prerequisiteforascholar.Satirizingthefact
violence conflict resolution strategies. He
Now, mankind is no longer the master of
1.‘Walden’
Disobedience’, Thoreau also left many
thattherewerenorealphilosophers,butonly
also advocated the protection of nature and
materialsbutenslavedbythem.Researchon
Walden is based on what he experienced
highly-revaluated works: ‘The Seasons’,
professors of philosophy, he urged scholars
thefoundationofpublicparks.
himwillcontinueforaslongastheproblems
in Walden Woods. It is appreciated as the
‘Aulus Persius Flaccus’, ‘Sympathy, ‘Life
toactontheirbeliefs.
causedbymaterialcivilizationpersist.
best work among his English publications.
without Principle’, and so forth. Among
We may be separated from Thoreau by
III.SocialActivist
Waldenhassomespecialcharacters.First,it
them, ‘Life without Principle’, which
cultural, technological and historical
is a satirical novel. Most pages comprise
criticizedthespiritofcapitalismthatpursues
development. We are certainly not
ByParkWon-jae
criticismsofsociety.Thetargetsofcriticism
blindprofits,hasbeensteadilylovedbythe
ThevalueofThoreaualsolayinhissocial
contemporary with him in terms of
argustnc@maincc.hufs.ac.kr
HenryDavidThoreau
are the common notions of society.
readers.
activities. He was proponent of the
environment and ideology. But, we at least

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