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JUNE1,2002
PAGE5
THEORY&CRITIQUE
http://maincc.hufs.ac.kr/~theargus
Focus-RachelCarson,forerunnerofthemodernmovementofprotectingthenature
Truesafeguardofenvironment
Lookingat
OurHistoryCorrectly
N
ot many people know that ¡°The
Carson¡¯s background and her
was only a 10-year-old. ¡°I really wanted to
evenstartedtousestrongerinsecticidesmore
academicachievements
Environment¡¯s Day¡± is celebrated
majorinEnglishliteratureandbilology.
frequently for unnecessary reasons. So
annually.Itisprettyobviousthateveryone
Rachel Carson was born in 1907, in
However,Ihadtochooseoneofthemand
Carsondecidedtotakeanactionaboutit.
T
ofushasheardaboutprotectingournatural
PennsylvaniaasthelastchildofRobertand
then I thougtht that maybe I will be able to
She tried to serialize her reports on the
heKoreanhistoryreflectingtheideology
environment many times. However,
Maria Carson. The family lived in a farm
combinethem.¡±AsCarsonthought,shedid
casualtiesinamagazinecalled¡°GoodHouse
of ruling classes began to change from
although there are organizations such as
andthisconditionallowedRachelCarsonto
an excellent job of combining English
Keeping¡±buteditorofthemagazinerejected
1970. The theory of nationalism that Kang
¡°The Friends of the Earth¡± and ¡°Green
get used to natural environment including
literatureandbiology.
itbecauseheworriedthathisreadersmight
man-kilsuggestedwasatrialtoovercomethe
peace¡±tomakesurethattheenvironmentis
animalsandinsects.
She majored in marine biology after the
fearonunessentialmatters.
ideologyofdivision.
protected, people do not seem to pay much
Mrs. Carson taught her children that they
graduation of the college and in 1936 she
Thenshefinallydecidedtopublishabook
Attheendof1970,thetermMinjoongwas
attention to maintaining the natural
must not harm the nature excluding the
became a government employee of the
about it. Carson was already having health
usedas¡°ThePrincipalBodyofHistory¡±and
conditionsastheyhavebeen.
consuming things for food. Rachel Carson
FisheriesBureau.1n1941,Carsonwrotean
problemssuchasulcera,arthritis,andontop
reformation . Following this trend, historical
Also,theconceptof¡°protectingthenatural
was very much influenced by her mother¡¯s
introductorybookontheecologyofoceanic
of these sicknesses she was having
studiesofMinjoongwasadvocatedinhistory.
environment¡± started to emerge much later
philosophy and when she drew animal
creaturescalled¡°UndertheSea-Wind¡±,and
chemotheraphyforherbreastcancer.
¡°Historical studies of Minjoong¡± caused the
than many ordinary people think. A lot of
picturesshetriedtomakethemasnaturalas
¡°The Sea around Us¡± was completed in
However, she did not stop this work and
reconstruction of the classes views that had
themthoughtthatthenatureisalwaysableto
itcouldbe.
1950,whichwastoexplainmarinebilology
completedthebookcalled¡°SilentSpring¡±in
been discontinued because of the progressive
stand by its own and humans will not be
One of her relatives noted that Rachel
easilytoordinarypeople.
1962.
camp s destruction right after the liberation.
damaged because of unconcerned behavior
Carson adopted herself to the nature and
Both books got a wave of praises and
As Rachel Carson expected, inseticide
The historical book written from a view of
towardsprotectingthenature.
respected natural occurence such as not
especially ¡°The Sea around Us¡± ranked to
producers automatically drove back to the
historicalstudiesofMinjoongbegantospread
It is said that the modern movement of
stoppingacateattingasmallbird.Shelater
the list of ¡°The New York Times¡± best
¡°Silent Spring¡± and they even collected
tothepublicfromitsstartof¡°HistoryoftheMassofKoreanPeople¡±.
protecting the nature was pioneered by a
saidthatthesethingsinfluencedherinmany
sellersfor86weeks.
contributions in order to publish a book for
Afterthat,thereweremanyattemptstocopewithMinjoongslimitationsandestablish
courageous American lady, Rachel Carson,
waysinapositivewaywhichhelpedherto
Rachel Carson did a lot of scientific
counterargument.
scientifichistory.Thisispresentedverywellin¡°LookingatOurHistoryCorrectly¡±.The
who passed away in 1964. She was very
do active works on protecting the
research and investigations and her
¡°IfwedonotstopusingtheDDTnow,a
firstcharacteristicofthisbookisthatthisisbasedontheoutlookofscientifichistory.In
academicandhergreatworkonanti-DDTis
environment.
remarkable work includes making the sea-
silent spring will come very soon and we
thespecifichistoryprogressnarratedconsistentlythefactthat Minjoongisamainbody
considered as one of the most dramatic
Carson¡¯s favorite writer was Mark Twain
bedmap.
willnotbeabletohearsongssungbybirds,
thatmadeitshistorychangedanddevelopedthroughlaborandstruggle. Itexplainedthat
activitiesofthetwentiethcentury.
andshefirstwroteherownbookwhenshe
animal sounds and delightful noise of
historic development was caused because of the productivity and the change in the
GoingaganistDDT
leaves,¡± Carson warned. At last, the
productivestyle.Second,truehistoryofMinjoongwasdiffusedamongimportantbodies
Theyear1957becamethemostsignificant
government carried out investigations about
of history, Minjoong and historic view of previous governing parties was overcome
yearforCarson¡¯slife.Oneofherbestfriends
theDDTandprovedthatCarsonwasright.
through this opportunity. The content of the book is so simple that even elementary
Olgasentheralettertellingthatthedamages
Thebraveladypassedawayin1964,only
students can understand it. This book has its meaning and limit in that it reflected the
of the DDT - dichloro-diphenyl-
aged56.
atmosphereofKoreansocietyinthelate1980s.
trichloroethane: a type of insecticide which
Atthattime,Koreansocietywasruledbythemostprogressiveflowaftertheliberation.
wasscientificallyprovedasaninsecticideby
RachelCarson¡¯sactivitiesareimportantin
¡°LookingatOurHistoryCorrectly¡±wasthebookmadeintheprogressofmakingefforts
P.H.Mullerin1939-wasstartingtoemerge
manyways.Oneofthemostvisiblereasons
that spoke for the mass in history, which was a medium of spreading ideology. The
veryquickly.
is that she created a stepping stone of the
meaning of this book is still alive since this acted as a spokesman of alienated public.
RachelCarsonposes
The government of Massachusetts
modern movement of protecting the nature
However,thiswasnotpersuasiveenoughtoexplainthesocialchangeaccordingtotheidle
duringherresearch
sprinkledahugeamountoftheDDTinorder
andtheenvironment.Inaddition,shetriedto
frameofproductivityandproductiverelationship.
to eradicate mosquitoes. Unfortunately, the
explainthemattersinascientificwaysothat
work.
mosquitoes didn¡¯t disappear but survived
herclaimhadclearevidence.
Herpublicationof
with tolerance. Worse thing happened
Theladyinsistedthattheinsecticideswere
KimJung
¡®SilentSpring¡¯isthe
afterwards. The DDT used near
responsible for serious illnesses such as
AresearchassistantofInstituteforHistoricalStudies
startingpointofthe
Massachusettsandkilledharmlesscreatures
cancer. Scientists proved that her assertion
modernmovementof
intheseareas.
was correct because one of the important
Olgamadeaprotesttothegovernmenton
causes of getting a cancer is a chemically
protectingthenature.
continuance of using the DDT but they
contaminatedenvironment.
¨ç
¨è
¨è
ignored it. Rachel Carson carried out
investigations in depth about casualties of
¨é
theinsecticideandnoticedthatthedamages
of the future were much more serious than
whatshethought.
¨è
ByLeeJoo-hyun
She made protests continuously but the
AssociateEditorofTheory&CritiqueSection
government did not listen to her and they
Sendyour
answersto
theargus
¨é
@hanmail.net
untilJune20.A
¡°Carson¡¯seffortalsoinfluencedKoreanlawandnature¡±
¨ê
prizewillbe
awardedbylot.
¨ë
Alltheanswers
LeeJoo-hyunTheArgus
affairsoftheKFEMTheKoreanFederation
K: Carson was the first person who
After this announcement, another
areintheNo.367
for Environmental Movement, to get more
actually discovered the harmness of
remarkable event took place in 1987 in
ofTheArgus.
¨ì
detailed information on the pioneer of the
agricultural chemicals. She convinced that
London. It was done by UNEP, United
modern movement of protecting the nature
eatingfruitsandvegetableswithoutmarksof
NationsEnvironmentProgram,andiscalled
andtheenvironment.
insectsdoesnotmeanpositivetohumans.
¡°The London Guidelines for the Exchange
In other words, the fruits and the
ofInformationonChemicalinInternational
1)Farmerswhojoined¡°Hansalim¡±do_______farming.
Reporter: Rachel Carson is not known
vegetables physically looked good because
Trade¡±.
inKoreaaccordingtoallofherimportant
of the agricultural chemicals and the
These are the factors which led Korea to
2)¡°Koreanmeneat___fortheirtonicmedicine.¡±
works.Whatdoyouthinkaboutthis?
insecticides such as the DDT, and it meant
stop using the DDT and other harmful
3)Withoutanydoubt,ifanoverflowofusers¡¯personalinformationoccurs,the____
KimChoony:Well,sheisawell-known
thattheirinnerpartswerecontaminatedand
insecticides including the agricultural
wouldcreateatotalchaosinthesociety.
person. What I can say is that at the time
wereveryharmfultothehumans.
chemicals.
4)____,literallymeaningfourpillarsinKorean,referstotheyear,month,dayandhour
when¡°SilentSpring¡±waspublished,Korean
ofone¡¯sbirth.
environmentalNGOswerenotverycapable
R:WhydidKoreadecidetostopusing
R:WhatwasCarson¡¯salternativeplan
5)Thefilm,¡°TheCup¡±wasinspiredby____eventsoffootballinTibetanmonastery.
of protecting the nature. Maybe this is why
the DDT and what happened during the
forkillingharmfulinsects?
KimChoony
6)TheIMCisimprovedtoachieve_______broadcastingoftheWorldCupoverthe
she was not famous. However, people with
processofbanningtheusageofit?
K:Well,Carson¡¯saimwastobringpeople
ChiefofinternationalaffairsofKorean
interests in the nature and the environment,
K:TheamountofusageoftheDDTinthe
toexaminethemselvesfundamentallyforthe
world.
FederationforEnvironmentalMovement
they obviously know her because she was
SecondWorldWarandtheVietnameseWar
industrialsocietywhichhasbeencarriedon
againsttheDDT.
was tremendous and many people were
formorethanacentury.
R
achel Carson tends to be unknown,
In addition, she is more famous and
already suffering from it. In 1985, the
1)PublicInformationandCulturalCenterintheEmbassyofJapanhasplayedanimportant
compared to the other great people.
internationally known than any other
¡°International Code of Conduct on the
____inspreadingofJapaneseculture.
This means that it is sometimes difficult to
environmentalmovementworkers.
Distribution and Use of Pesticides¡± was
2)Anothermediacenter,theMedia______Center,wasestablishedwherethesetwo
findsourcesaboutherworkandlife.
announced, supported by FAO, Food and
ByLeeJoo-hyun
kindsofpeople,peoplewholikeusingdigitalcamerasandfilmdirectors,canjoinit.
For this reason, The Argus interviewed
R: What are the worldwide effects of
Agriculture Organization, of the United
AssociateEditorofTheory&CritiqueSection
3)However,RachelCarsondidnotstopthisworkandcompletedthebookcalled¡°Silent_
Kim Choony, the chief of international
theCarson¡¯sactivitiesandworks?
Nation.
_____¡±in1962.
Neo-File
Wedeeplyapologizethattheanswertothe¡°QuizQuiz!¡±hadmistakes
inthelastedition.
Therefore,onthisedition,Wedecidedtoselecttwiceasmanywinners
asthoseforthelastedition.
PFMShelpsyourfinancialmanagement
Bulletin
M
r. Han uses ¡°Personal Financial
accounts including arranging credit card
AfreshmanoftheDepartmentofFrench
occurs, the PFMS would create a total
June
Management Service¡±, PFMS, to
andcyberstockaccounts.
noted that, ¡°I have three bank accounts,
chaosinthesociety.
workoutalltherelatedthingswithmoney
In1997,MicrosoftCompanyfirstbegan
two credit cards and one cyber stock
Therefore, the service providing firms
SpringConferenceby¡°TheT.S.EliotSocietyofKorea¡±
andheisverysatisfied.
toproducesoftwarescalled¡°Money¡±,with
account. Sometimes, it is really a time
must make sure that they up-grade the
and¡°TheModernBritishandAmericanPoetrySociety
Heisanordinarysalarymanandhefirst
fees in order to open a new market of
consuming work to check all of these
system and invest in the perservation
ofKorea¡±.
met the PFMS about 6 months ago. ¡°I
personalfinancialmanagement.¡°Quicken¡±
things. On top of that HUFS made me
technology.
always got confused with my money
oftheIntuitcompanyalsoemergedatthat
another bank account which is now more
¡°Certainly, the Personal Financial
TheconferencewillbeheldonJune1,10:00to18:00intheFaculty
business because I had problems of
time. The original reason for producing
irritating to check out.¡± He added that
Management Service is a good system.
OfficebuildingofImunCampus.
workingoutnumbersanditwasawasteof
thesesoftwareswastocalculatetaxfigures
nowadays it is normal that a university
However, it has risks to solve and if
timetoconfirmwhatwasgoingoninmy
and working out number of income and
student would have at least two bank
securityisaddedtotheservice,thePFMS
Togetmoreinformationcall,
everysingleaccount.ThismeansthatIdo
outcome.
accountsandonecreditcardandthisisthe
would be even better than it is now,¡± the
nothavecashflowproblemsanymoreand
Theywereveryusefultomanyfirmsbut
reason why the number of students using
financialdirectorof¡°e-Shinhan¡±added.
KimKoo-seul(kooskim@hanmail.net)031)299-0834,02)924-0933
Icanlivewitharrangedaccounts,¡±hesaid.
thefirmshadtopaytousetheserviceand
thePFMSisincreasing.
orNohJeo-yong(jynoh@yu.ac.kr)02)914-2827
Many people are beginning to use this
naturally not many of the ordinary people
One of its advantages is that it helps
servicethesedaysandrangeofusersisalso
were able to use it. However, Mr. Han¡¯s
individualsnottohavecashflowproblems
Inaddition,youmayvisittothehomepageof¡°TheT.S.EliotSociety
increasing. A financial director of ¡°e-
case shows that the PFMS is designed for
butthemostseriousproblemofthePFMS
ofKorea,¡±
ByLeeJoo-hyun
Shinhan¡± defined the service as one that
normal people like university students,
is the privacy. Without any doubt, if an
AssociateEditorofTheory&CritiqueSection
www.soeliot.or.kr
allows individuals to combine bank
employeesandhousekeepers.
overflow of users¡¯ personal information

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