총 8페이지

4 DECEMBER4,2006
www.theargus.org
INTERNATIONAL
RequirementofalternativeplansforMyanmar’sdemocracy
Necessitiestoconsidersubsequenteventsaftermilitaryjunta’swithdrawing
B
urmawhichislocatedintheSouth-EastAsiabecameindependentfromtheBritishrule
dramaticallyexecuted.Thesepro-democracymovementswerebrutallyquashedbytheState
in politics but also in economy. Nevertheless, the military regime refused to accept the
on January 4 in 1948. Since then, Burma’s democracy lasted for about 15 years.
LawandOrderCouncil(SLORC),bringingaboutovertwothousandvictimsinsixweeks.
resultsoftheelection.Instead,theyputSuuKyi,thedaughterofassassinatedGeneralAung
However,in1962,GeneralNeWincarriedoutacoupandconvertedthenationalsystem
After that, in 1989, the military junta officially replaced the name of the country to
San who is thought to be the father of Burmese independence, under the house arrest in
fromdemocracytosocialismintheBurmesewayincooperationwiththeleft-sidedparty.
Myanmar.Inspiteofthesuppressionofmilitaryjunta,the1988’sprotestpavedthewayfor
1989.Inaddition,20membersoftheNationalAssemblyandmorethan1,400democratic
After 25 years of economic hardship and recession, Burmese finally held several massive
the1990electionandeventuallytheoppositionparty,theNationalLeagueforDemocracy
activists were in confinement in jail as well. Whoever demonstrates against the military
demonstrationsin1987and1988.OnAugust8in1988,theprotestagainstthemisleadingof
(NLD)whichAungSanSuuKyiwasleading,wonbyalandslidein1990election.Mostof
regimefordemocracy,students,citizens,andreligionistsarecurrentlysentencedtodeath.
economic policy and political oppression which is known as “the 8888 uprising” was
thecitizensexpectedthatthedemocraticadministrationwillmakesteadyprogressnotonly
Conclusion
Voicefrominside
Voicefromoutside
1.“Myanmar”or“Burma”?
to make diverse races into single unit in
1. Why do pro-democracy movement
Thecontroversialissueaboutthenameof
order to prevent Myanmar’s clash. If Aung
organizations use the name of “Burma”
“Myanmar” and “Burma” is not an
SanSuuKyibecomesaleaderofMyanmar
instead of officially represented name
important part. Of course, it is understood
(orBurma),itisnecessaryforhertofinda
“Myanmar”?
thatBurmesedemocraticactivistsregardthe
solutionfortheproblemindetail.Moreover,
In 1988, the current military regime
name of “Myanmar” as a symbol of the
she needs to get rid of the anxieties about
brutally infringed numerous students,
militarydictatorship.However,ontheother
herself with the Western standpoint and
Buddhists and normal people to repress
hand,theyarealsoreluctanttogiveuptheir
present some alternative plans for
protests against economic mismanagement
name, “Burma” to the military regime.
democracy including their own cultural,
and political oppression which is now
Therefore,itcouldbeanironyitselftoinsist
social, and economic situation as well as
known as “the 8888 uprising” on August 8
onlytheirrights.
Myanmar’s own political condition. After
of the year. The suppression of the military
the military regime’s abdication, if those
junta generated over two thousand victims
2. Anxiety about subsequent events
proposalsarenotaccepted,followingevents
forsixweeks.Aftertheuprisingin1989,the
afterabdicationofmilitaryregime
willnotbedifferentfromthepreviousstate
military government officially changed the
ProfessorJANGJunYoungsaidthatitis
ofdictatorshipasthedisorderofsocietywill
name of the country to Myanmar from
not an ideal plan to pull out the current
be more serious in causing ethnic clashes
MunHyeon-gyeong/TheArgus
Burma to improve their previous image of
military junta for their democracy. It is
and stimulating each faction’s quarrel to
JANGJunYoung
killing innocent people. However, the
possible to create confusion in Myanmar if
holdvestedrightandpowerandeventually,
Dept.ofPersian,GraduateSchoolofHUFS
militaryregimemadealameexcuseforthe
Thereisplentyofgoldenpagoda
themilitaryjuntawithdrawsfromthepresent
leadingtotheinternalwar.
nation name changes for all minority races
inMyanmar.
situationwithoutanyplansforthenext.Itis
For the alternative plan for the minority
in Burma. They pointed out that the term
right that most people’s mind toward
race issue, In a draft of constitution of
1.Howdoyouthinkabouttheongoing
society, two organizations - “National
“Burma”includedonlyBurmeseandthus,it
party in Burma that won the 1990 election.
democracy and getting out of military’s
Burma, National League for Democracy
controversy about the name of “Burma”
LeagueforDemocracybranchinKorea”and
could confine the nation only to Burmese.
Thus, we don’t have any reasons for
pressure should be realized. However,
(NLD)whichGeneralSecretaryisAungSan
and“Myanmar”?
“Burmaaction”donotcooperateeachother.
Therefore, they had to make alteration to
cooperatingwith“BurmaAction”
according to Professor Jang, it is necessary
SuuKyihascomeupwithafederalsystem.
The name of the country “Myanmar” is
reflecteveryraceinMyanmar.Themilitary
to consider subsequent events after the
The draft was proposed that over 130 races
notatermwhichisnewlymadebymilitary.
3.Whyareyouanxiousaboutreturning
junta’s policies are nothing more than
4. What do you think about the
military junta’s compulsory order
wereacknowledgedasaprovince.Thedraft
The origin of “Myanmar” goes back to the
thepowertoAungSanSuuKyi?
stopgap measures. As a result, activists for
democracyinBurma?
beforehand.
legislator claimed the acknowledgement is
11th century. The origin of that name is
MostKoreansassumethatAungSanSuu
democracy of Burma can not accept the
Burmese are not free from the military
“mirma.” Although the term “Burma” is a
Kyiisaleaderofdemocracymovementand
www.prisionpotpourri.com
mission.itu.ch
nameof“Myanmar.”
junta’s oppression. Although the military
result of Western imperialism at that time
also,isadmiredatherwinningoftheNobel
junta made an appointment that they would
controlled by British Empire, current
Prize for peace. However, in my point of
2. Has the cooperation between NLD
return their reins of government after the
movement organizations for democracy in
view,thesereputationsofAungSanSuuKyi
andothermovementgroupsbeencarried
general election, they did not comply with
Myanmar stick to the name of “Burma.”
aretheviewoftheU.S. AungSanSuuKyi
out?
theirpromisewhenAungSanSuuKyiwon
Most people, even people who stand for
lived in India at her mother’s knee in the
Cooperationisontheway.Weestablished
the general election by a landslide in 1990.
anti-U.S., accepted the American view
timewhenhermotherwasanambassadorof
Committee Representing the People’s
The military refused to accept the election
completely against their political ground.
India.AfterspendingherchildhoodinIndia,
Parliament (CRPP) on September 16 in
results and killed and detained a lot of
Non-governmental organizations, such as
she went to England to achieve the degree
1998, which includes some minority
democratic activists. Aung San Suu Kyi is
representativesofKoreaarereluctanttouse
from Oxford University and lived in
representatives.Unfortunately,however,itis
detainedaswellinherhome.“Burma”isthe
theterm“Myanmar”andtheyratherusethe
England until she heard the news that her
not functioned by suppression and threat of
only country which is confining the winner
name of “Burma.” These situations clearly
mother in Burma was sick. She went to
themilitaryjunta.
of the Nobel Prize for peace. As far as I
Onewomanisprayinginfrontof
Morethan135ethnicgroupsincluding
show that some Koreans adopt the idea of
Burma to nurse her mother. It is hardly
know, the only way to achieve the real
AungSanSuuKyi’sportrait.
aPa-daung,areexistinginMyanmar.
the U.S. without considering Myanmar’s
possible that she went to Burma to protest
3. Why not work with “Burma Action
democracy in Burma is to withdraw the
problem.Thus,weshouldlookatthisissue
against military regime. At that time, most
(anotherBurmesegroupinKorea)”?
current military regime and rehabilitate
3.Requirementofalternativeplansfor
equally accepted for every ethnic. Actually,
withacriticalpointofview.
Myanmar citizens had some kind of a
“BurmaAction”isjustanorganizationfor
AungSanSuuKyiandherpartywhichwon
democracycorrespondingwithMyanmar
under the situation that Burmese is
consensus that Aung San U, the son of
immigrant workers, but our “National
thegeneralelectionin1990.
(Burma)’s cultural, social, economical,
occupying 70 percent in Myanmar, it is
2. Why do you think that military
General Aung San, should succeed his
LeagueforDemocracy(NLD)”isapolitical
andpoliticalsituation
needlesstosaythatBurmesewillhavemore
junta’s withdrawing is not an alternative
father. However, Aung San U already
Afterachievingindependence,officialsof
influence on constitution. They could
planfordemocracyofMyanmar?
attained a citizenship of the United States.
Myanmargovernmentbelievedthatawayto
probably exercise their opinion easily than
Burma’s almost every movement toward
Under the given situation, Aung San Suu
unification of Myanmar should depend on
others.Fromthatpointofview,itisfarfrom
democracy has not been bonded together.
KyiconcernedaboutBurmesepeopleinthe
thecontroltominorityracesbywieldingthe
theequalityinthefieldoflaw.Furthermore,
Rather,ithasbeensplitintoseveralfactions.
miserable situation of military regime.
power of the government, not by mutual
the draft of a constitution formed by NLD
To be more specific, these pro-democracy
Fortunately, in the mean time, the citizens
consent which approves diversity and
has been criticized with a reason that the
organizations which acted independently
did not have any rejections to a female
individual races. Consequently, political
draft is similar to the former draft from the
from each other divided into three factions:
leader. Moreover, female participation in
leaders deemed that surrounded minority
constitutionwhichwasestablishedattheage
OnepartyisledbyAungSanSuuKyi,the
thesocietywaspermitted.Thatenabledher
races will gradually be changed and
of Prime Minister U nu instigating a racial
secondoneisastudentfaction,andthelast
to be a successor of General Aung San. I
assimilated into the Burmese group.
strife.Theseevaluationsandcriticismscasta
oneisafactionthatstandsfortheseparation
thinkAungSanSuuKyitookadvantageof
However, characters of the minority ethnic
seriousdoubtoverNLD’sabilitytosucceed
of minority races for their independence.
haloeffectfromherfatherwhichisshownin
group are still maintained and even more
to military authorities and to settle down
Theproblemisthatespeciallythesefactions
herbrochurespublishedwithaportraitofher
strengthened.Moreover, militarypressureto
numerousproblemsrelatedwithMyanmar’s
of minority races insist their sovereignty
father,GeneralAungSan.WhatIammostly
break the traditions of minority races are
internal struggles, such as ethnic matters.
from the Myanmar government not
concerned is that Aung San Suu Kyi has a
gettingmoreseveredaybyday.Inaddition,
Therefore,itisrequiredthatwhoeverhopes
democracy.Underthiscriticalsituationthat
Western point of view enough to create
controversial issues about the establishment
democracyofMyanmarandwantstograsp
movement toward democracy is loosely
problems for Burmese settlement. I am
of a state religion of Buddhism, political
political power for the next administration
organized,Burmesesocietycouldbeputtoa
questioningaboutwhetheritispossiblethat
disputes and frequent alterations of a
after the current regime should prepare an
state of disorder, even if the military
she can solve issues caused by over 130
national system are acting as negative
alternative plan through serious
dictators turn over their power to other
minorityracesornot.
elements of unification. Considering these
considerations for Myanmar’s future rather
factions or step down from political power.
situations, it could be considered that
than just asserting vague and simple
Itisbecauseofeachfaction’squarreltogain
MunHyeon-gyeong/TheArgus
Myanmar’swayofunificationisnotaneasy
proposalstopulloutthemilitarydictatorship
vestedrightandofcoursetoholdthereinsof
ByMunHyeon-gyeong
ZawMoeAung
thing. Thus, it is required that democratic
withoutanypreparations.
thegovernment.Whenitcomestothestate
KoreaBranchofNationalLeagueforDemocracy(LiberatedArea)
ReporterofInternationalSection
parties should make an alternative proposal
of Burmese movement group in Korean
interview
MeetingwithIraqi; “Don’tbileivewhatthemediasays”
didnotexistinformertimes.Shiitepeoplein
atleastIthinkitreallydependsontheU.S..
supporting Kurdish independence. It is an
family?
ByMunHyeon-gyeong
KarbillaCityhelpedSunnipeoplewhenthe
North Korea would not take any actions
undesirablehelponlyforKurdishinsteadof
M: I was able to go back to my country
ReporterofInternationalSection
U.S. attacked Fallujah City, the capital of
unlesstheU.S.suppressesandthreats N.K..
all Iraq people. It is rather an intervention
whenIraqWarwasofficiallyendedinJune,
Sunni slum. The struggles of Sunni and
It seems the U.S. disturbs the peace of the
towardKurdethnicindependenceunderthe
2003. Seeing collapsed buildings, destroyed
Reporter(R):Thereareargumentsand
Shiite reported in the media are not true.
world.
situation where they do not know about
tanks, and broken bus, tears rolled down
the issues about death sentence for
Troubles actually started being visualized
Iraq’s condition. I am concerned about the
from my eyes. I felt sadness. I wondered
Saddam Hussein. Who is positive or
right after the U.S. invasion. I assume that
R:DoyouthinktheGulfWar(in1991)
security of “Zaytun Unit” that may be
whether the place where I stood was my
against the death sentence? What makes
theconflictsaremadeupbythethirdparty
isjustifiable?
involvedinIraq'sinternalaffairs.
country or not. I felt better when I met
theprosandcons?
to entrap two parties and create
M: Of course, Gulf War was not fair. It
people in the city. They were still kind and
Mona (M): I think general Iraqis speak
complication. Third parties pretended to be
wasamistake.NoIraqisagreedandwanted
R: What are some misunderstanding
good, unchangingly like before. I thought
unHyeon-gyeong/TheArgus
out against death sentence for Saddam
SunniandassailSunniorviceversa.Maybe
the war. The war occurred with one reason
aboutIraq?
that no matter how the war physically
Prof.Mona
Hussein because the sentence was executed
with this strategy, third party intended to
thatIraqishatedSaddamHussein.
M: Most people consider that the
destroyedthecity,itcouldnotevenchange
Dept.ofArabicinHUFS
bythenon-Iraqiorganization.Canyouagree
create distance and conflicts between two
relationship among Iraqi people with
people’sheart.OfficiallyIraqWar,thefight
thatyourpresidentissentencedbythethirty
religiousgroups.
R: What did you think about the
differentethnicityandsectarianisbad.Itisa
between Iraq and the U.S. terminated in
party country’s order? This death penalty
decisionmadebytheKoreangovernment
misapprehending.We,Iraqis,donotinquire
April, 2003. However the second war, the
R: Lastly, is there anything that you
decision was made under the on-going
R: How do you think about the U.S.’
aboutdispatchingtroopstoIraqWar?
a person of the religion he or she has and
combat between Iraq citizens and the U.S.
wouldliketotelltheHUFSan?
unofficialwartimeanditwasnotafairtrial.
interventioninIraq?
M: If the purpose of the decision was to
alsodonotstrugglewithapersonbelievinga
army, is being conducted now. So, I’m
M:IwantHUFSansnottointerveneasa
I don’t like other countries make their rule
M:InterventionoftheU.S.isnothingbut
helpandsupporttheU.S.army,Imightnot
different religion as reported in media.
worried about my family every time. I can
third person like the U.S. toward the Iraq
andinterveneinourpresident’ssentence.
aninvasion.TheU.S.triestobeinvolvedin
like the decision. However, because I knew
Moreover, it is not true that women in Iraq
always contact my family via the Internet,
situation. Look at the Iraq condition as a
internalissuesoftheothercountriesthatare
theaimofdispatchisreconstructionforIraq,
societyaresosuppressedthattheyevencan
but I am more concerned about the safety
good example. Also, do not believe
R: According to newspaper reports, it
not directly related to the U.S. government
I thought that Korean support is needed in
not wear pants. Iraq women can wear
and security of my family even during the
everythingjustastold.
wasinformedthattheprosandconswere
andinterferesinothers’politicalaffairs.
Iraq. I really appreciate “Zaytun Unit”
western style clothing just like Korean
face to face chatting with them. No one is
extreme owing to the separation of
(KoreantroopdispatchedinIraq)’sefforton
womendo.
able to predict when they are going to be
religion between Sunni and Shiite. What
R: What is your opinion related to
rehabilitation.” Currently, however, I think
killedorkidnapped,soIkeepupwiththem
isyouropinionaboutthis?
sanctionoftheU.S.inNorthKorea?
“Zaytun Unit” must leave Kurdish area in
R: Where were you during the Iraq
allthetime.
M:TheconflictbetweenSunniandShiite
M:Idon’tknowwellabouttheissue,but
Iraq if the troop’s missions are related to
War and how did you contact your
daybreakhk@hufs.ac.kr

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