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by a Roman poet Juvenal, he
ⓒwallpaperflare
Theseus,SpartacusandKatniss:
used it to satirize the selfishness
Differentbutsimilarheroes
and frivolity of the Roman
public. After the public had
TheseusisalegendaryherofromGreco-Romanmyth.When
their basic requirements?
he was the prince of Athens, Crete forced Athens to send
food and entertainment (bread
seven boys and seven girls to be devoured by the Minotaur, a
and circuses), they showed
half-man and half-bull monster held in the labyrinth, at nine-
little objection to the overall
year intervals. As Crete was truly one of the most powerful
running of Rome. Thus, Roman
countries in the world at the time, Athens had no choice but
politicians could control the
to accept the demand. On the third occasion, being unable
public sentiment as long as they
to remain a mere spectator, Theseus volunteered as a tribute.
metthepublic’sbasicneeds.
AfterarrivinginCrete,heoverpoweredtheMinotaurwithhis
Likewise, the Capitol tactfully
strength and escaped with all of the young Athenians. In the
praises the braveness and
end,hesucceededinextirpatingevilpractices.
sacrifice of the tributes before
Spartacus is a former gladiator who was one of the escaped
the game, and pre-empts the
slave leaders in a major slave uprising against the Roman
guiltyconsciencethattheCapitol
Republic. After escaping the gladiatorial school with his
citizensmayfeelwhenwatching
colleagues,Spartacusralliedherdsmen,serfsandpoorpeasants
Hunger Games. In addition, the
to resist to the government-sent riot troops. As Spartacus’s
thought of sacrificing one child
excellentleadershipmingledwellwiththeslaves’firmwill,the
to prolong the lifespan of their
rebels became stronger, and successfully defeated riot squads
other family members seems
several times. Spartacus’s brave actions cast doubt on ancient
reasonable for the residents
ideas rationalizing an unequal social structure, insisting that
in each district. Especially
every person should be guaranteed to the right to life and
when considering their chronic
libertywithoutdistinctionofanykind.
poverty and rations given to the
Katniss from District 12, the main character of the trilogy
homeland of the victor, Hunger
volunteers to the 74th Hunger Games to replace her younger
Games could be seen as an
sisterjustlikeTheseus,andwinsthegamewithfellowDistrict
opportunityratherthananunjust
12 tribute Peeta Mellark. Then, similar to Spartacus, she
social practice. In the process,
becomes a galvanizing symbol of the rebellion against the
the main competitor of each
oppressive Capitol, and succeeds in establishing a more equal
district is converted not to the
society.Inotherwords,Katniss’sself-sacrificebringsTheseus
Capitol, but to other districts,
to mind, and playing a leading role in the uprising and the
and the likelihood of a coalition
modernversionofgladiatormatchisreminiscentofSpartacus.
among districts decreases,
Meanwhile, they also share common ground in that their
facilitatingtheCapitolmaintains
endingswerenotsohappy.Theirpersonalhappinessinevitably
thecurrentsocialconditions.
tookabackseatwhileseekingforsocialvalues.
In particular, the live coverage
ofHungerGamesplaysacrucial
role in hiding the true nature of it. The television demotes
tributes from human to image. The trials and tribulations
BreadandCircuses:
of tributes are transformed into the dramatic elements
HungerGamesforthemaintenanceof
maximizingthethrilloftheshow,andthemurderbetweenthe
dictatorship
tributes becomes nothing more than a part of the game. The
CapitolcitizensenjoytheexcitingspectacleofHungerGames
ThenwhydoestheCapitolannuallyholdsuchabrutalbattle
withoutcompunction,andevenparticipatesinitbysponsoring
royal? We can find a clue to the question from “Panem,”
thetributetheylike.Inaddition,HungerGamesinjectchronic
the name of a dystopian nation in “The Hunger Games.”
lethargy into the district residents by reminding them of an
“Panem,” which means “bread” in Latin, is associated with a
absoluterule?eventhestrongestamongyoucannotovercome
metonymic phrase “Panem et Circenses.” Having been coined
thepoweroftheCapitol.
32
www.theargus.org
by a Roman poet Juvenal, he
ⓒwallpaperflare
Theseus,SpartacusandKatniss:
used it to satirize the selfishness
Differentbutsimilarheroes
and frivolity of the Roman
public. After the public had
TheseusisalegendaryherofromGreco-Romanmyth.When
their basic requirements?
he was the prince of Athens, Crete forced Athens to send
food and entertainment (bread
seven boys and seven girls to be devoured by the Minotaur, a
and circuses), they showed
half-man and half-bull monster held in the labyrinth, at nine-
little objection to the overall
year intervals. As Crete was truly one of the most powerful
running of Rome. Thus, Roman
countries in the world at the time, Athens had no choice but
politicians could control the
to accept the demand. On the third occasion, being unable
public sentiment as long as they
to remain a mere spectator, Theseus volunteered as a tribute.
metthepublic’sbasicneeds.
AfterarrivinginCrete,heoverpoweredtheMinotaurwithhis
Likewise, the Capitol tactfully
strength and escaped with all of the young Athenians. In the
praises the braveness and
end,hesucceededinextirpatingevilpractices.
sacrifice of the tributes before
Spartacus is a former gladiator who was one of the escaped
the game, and pre-empts the
slave leaders in a major slave uprising against the Roman
guiltyconsciencethattheCapitol
Republic. After escaping the gladiatorial school with his
citizensmayfeelwhenwatching
colleagues,Spartacusralliedherdsmen,serfsandpoorpeasants
Hunger Games. In addition, the
to resist to the government-sent riot troops. As Spartacus’s
thought of sacrificing one child
excellentleadershipmingledwellwiththeslaves’firmwill,the
to prolong the lifespan of their
rebels became stronger, and successfully defeated riot squads
other family members seems
several times. Spartacus’s brave actions cast doubt on ancient
reasonable for the residents
ideas rationalizing an unequal social structure, insisting that
in each district. Especially
every person should be guaranteed to the right to life and
when considering their chronic
libertywithoutdistinctionofanykind.
poverty and rations given to the
Katniss from District 12, the main character of the trilogy
homeland of the victor, Hunger
volunteers to the 74th Hunger Games to replace her younger
Games could be seen as an
sisterjustlikeTheseus,andwinsthegamewithfellowDistrict
opportunityratherthananunjust
12 tribute Peeta Mellark. Then, similar to Spartacus, she
social practice. In the process,
becomes a galvanizing symbol of the rebellion against the
the main competitor of each
oppressive Capitol, and succeeds in establishing a more equal
district is converted not to the
society.Inotherwords,Katniss’sself-sacrificebringsTheseus
Capitol, but to other districts,
to mind, and playing a leading role in the uprising and the
and the likelihood of a coalition
modernversionofgladiatormatchisreminiscentofSpartacus.
among districts decreases,
Meanwhile, they also share common ground in that their
facilitatingtheCapitolmaintains
endingswerenotsohappy.Theirpersonalhappinessinevitably
thecurrentsocialconditions.
tookabackseatwhileseekingforsocialvalues.
In particular, the live coverage
ofHungerGamesplaysacrucial
role in hiding the true nature of it. The television demotes
tributes from human to image. The trials and tribulations
BreadandCircuses:
of tributes are transformed into the dramatic elements
HungerGamesforthemaintenanceof
maximizingthethrilloftheshow,andthemurderbetweenthe
dictatorship
tributes becomes nothing more than a part of the game. The
CapitolcitizensenjoytheexcitingspectacleofHungerGames
ThenwhydoestheCapitolannuallyholdsuchabrutalbattle
withoutcompunction,andevenparticipatesinitbysponsoring
royal? We can find a clue to the question from “Panem,”
thetributetheylike.Inaddition,HungerGamesinjectchronic
the name of a dystopian nation in “The Hunger Games.”
lethargy into the district residents by reminding them of an
“Panem,” which means “bread” in Latin, is associated with a
absoluterule?eventhestrongestamongyoucannotovercome
metonymic phrase “Panem et Circenses.” Having been coined
thepoweroftheCapitol.
32
www.theargus.org
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