총 36페이지

28 Classics
ByJangHo-jun
A
AssociateEditorofTheory&CritiqueSection
groupofcivilsocietyorganizationshaverecently
Society,
accused the National Intelligence Service (NIS)
of spying on the Internet records of members
of the civic group Solidarity for Practice of the South-
the Other Name
NorthJointDeclarationonsuspicionthattheyviolatedthe
NationalSecurityLaw.
of Prison
The incident became a controversy as the country’s
top spy organ went beyond its mandate to dig into the
privacy of ordinary citizens. Furthermore, the revised
Communications Privacy Act also became a hot potato
issue due to clauses that order telecommunication
companies to provide detailed call information to
authoritiesforcrimeinvestigations.
Thehistoryofauthorities’monitoringofcitizensisbyno
meansshort,especiallyinKorea.Therehavealwaysbeen
disputes about the limits of government power over the
societyitgoverns,anditisunclearwhetherthatauthority
hasdiminishedwiththeadventofdemocracyandhuman
rights.
“Discipline and Punishment,” by French philosopher
Michel Foucault, is one of the most influential analyses
of power. The book examines the history of prisons and
punishment,pointingoutchangesincorporalpunishment
andimprisonment.
ObservationBecomesPrevalentinPenalty
After the 1820s, European judicatures tended to
gradually alleviate corporal punishment, substituting
imprisonment for harsh punishments like flogging. In
1961Koreaalsocoinedanewtermforprisons,“gyodoso,”
whichmeansaplaceforenlighteningprisoners.However,
Foucault does not agree with the idea that the modern
prison exists to help inmates engage as members in a
society. Instead, prisons are aimed at inculcating orders
imposed by authorities. Diverse measures in the name
of education remove individual’s subjectivity. Prisoners,
classifiedandsegregatedintheinstitutions,considertheir
21
own behavior lest they be detected by observers. They
Hankyoreh
graduallybecomeafraidofactingabnormally.
Similarly, the NIS’s Internet record observations mirror
a prison’s own watch system. The NIS used a technology
that analyzes packets of information, a formatted unit
of data that contains information on sites visited and
statements left by targeted users. Looking over this data
providesaperfectlookouttomonitoruserseveryaction.
“Human beings have privacy in four fields: space, body,
www.theargus.org

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