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it is possible to use smaller quantities of agricultural
promoted them as excellent, optimized only for certain
pesticidesandfertilizers,andtheyhavetheadvantageof
types of pesticides, fertilizers, and diseases. However,
being able to adapt over long periods and to withstand
in the case of F1 hybrid seeds that have passed through
environmentalchanges.Thenativeseedisthesustainable
human hands, there is a disadvantage in that their
seedoftheregion.However,Koreaquicklychangedfrom
properties are not transmitted to offspring such as F2
an agricultural society to an industrial society in the
and F3; and in some cases, there are no descendants at
process of compressed economic growth, which showed
all. As a result, crops artificially improved to increase
economic growth of up to six percent during the period
yield have no self-sustaining power and deteriorate over
from the Korean War to the IMF currency crisis. In the
generations. The phenomenon of F1 hybrid seeds, which
process,nativeseedsquicklydisappearedwiththespread
are created by extreme natural crossing, deteriorate
of industrial agriculture, the importance of farming
rapidly from the second generation, and the fact that F1
efficiency, and the expansion of commercialized seeds.
hybrid seeds with these problems replaced native seeds
Professor Kim explained the background of farmers’
duetothepromotionofcompanieshadagreatimpacton
using improved seeds instead of native seeds by saying
thedisappearanceofnativeseeds.
“Korea supported commercialized agriculture through
economic growth policies in the 1960s and the New
*Natural crossing: Individuals belonging to different genera, species,
subspecies, varieties, crossbreeds in a natural state to form crossbreed
Village Movement in the 1970s, making farmers unable
hybrids.
to have their own seeds by making them plant only
*F1 hybrid seeds: The F stands for filial generation. Seeds produced
through artificial manipulation. Crossed by those with different traits of the
government-suppliedseedsorseedssoldbycompanies.”
samespeciesandcrossingwithotherspeciesisallF1hybridseeds.
As such, F1 hybrid seeds,* which were improved
artificially, appeared along with rapid changes in the
production environment; and the position of native
varieties weakened. In line with this, farmers used
Prospect
commercialized seeds from seed companies since they
IncreasingResponsesofGovernmentand
ⓒkitchenhomegardner
Corporate
The size of Korea’s seed market is very small,
accounting for only about one percent of the world's
seed market. Considering that the market share of
multinational companies such as Monsanto and DuPont
was47percentasof2016,thematterisserious.Currently,
there are no domestic seed companies which are
internationally competitive. However, after overcoming
the IMF currency crisis, Monsanto Korea, which took
over the Heungnong and Jungang seed companies, was
itselftakenoverbyFarmhannong,aKoreancompany.In
2016,LGChemicaltookoverandmergedFarmhannong
again. In addition, Korean companies are laying the
groundwork for the development of the domestic seed
industry, with the National Agricultural Cooperative
Federation acquiring Nongwoo Bio with CJ Group
▲ThereisadisadvantageinF1hybridseedsthathavepassed
startingtoentertheseedindustry.
throughhumanhands.
23
JUNE 2022
it is possible to use smaller quantities of agricultural
promoted them as excellent, optimized only for certain
pesticidesandfertilizers,andtheyhavetheadvantageof
types of pesticides, fertilizers, and diseases. However,
being able to adapt over long periods and to withstand
in the case of F1 hybrid seeds that have passed through
environmentalchanges.Thenativeseedisthesustainable
human hands, there is a disadvantage in that their
seedoftheregion.However,Koreaquicklychangedfrom
properties are not transmitted to offspring such as F2
an agricultural society to an industrial society in the
and F3; and in some cases, there are no descendants at
process of compressed economic growth, which showed
all. As a result, crops artificially improved to increase
economic growth of up to six percent during the period
yield have no self-sustaining power and deteriorate over
from the Korean War to the IMF currency crisis. In the
generations. The phenomenon of F1 hybrid seeds, which
process,nativeseedsquicklydisappearedwiththespread
are created by extreme natural crossing, deteriorate
of industrial agriculture, the importance of farming
rapidly from the second generation, and the fact that F1
efficiency, and the expansion of commercialized seeds.
hybrid seeds with these problems replaced native seeds
Professor Kim explained the background of farmers’
duetothepromotionofcompanieshadagreatimpacton
using improved seeds instead of native seeds by saying
thedisappearanceofnativeseeds.
“Korea supported commercialized agriculture through
economic growth policies in the 1960s and the New
*Natural crossing: Individuals belonging to different genera, species,
subspecies, varieties, crossbreeds in a natural state to form crossbreed
Village Movement in the 1970s, making farmers unable
hybrids.
to have their own seeds by making them plant only
*F1 hybrid seeds: The F stands for filial generation. Seeds produced
through artificial manipulation. Crossed by those with different traits of the
government-suppliedseedsorseedssoldbycompanies.”
samespeciesandcrossingwithotherspeciesisallF1hybridseeds.
As such, F1 hybrid seeds,* which were improved
artificially, appeared along with rapid changes in the
production environment; and the position of native
varieties weakened. In line with this, farmers used
Prospect
commercialized seeds from seed companies since they
IncreasingResponsesofGovernmentand
ⓒkitchenhomegardner
Corporate
The size of Korea’s seed market is very small,
accounting for only about one percent of the world's
seed market. Considering that the market share of
multinational companies such as Monsanto and DuPont
was47percentasof2016,thematterisserious.Currently,
there are no domestic seed companies which are
internationally competitive. However, after overcoming
the IMF currency crisis, Monsanto Korea, which took
over the Heungnong and Jungang seed companies, was
itselftakenoverbyFarmhannong,aKoreancompany.In
2016,LGChemicaltookoverandmergedFarmhannong
again. In addition, Korean companies are laying the
groundwork for the development of the domestic seed
industry, with the National Agricultural Cooperative
Federation acquiring Nongwoo Bio with CJ Group
▲ThereisadisadvantageinF1hybridseedsthathavepassed
startingtoentertheseedindustry.
throughhumanhands.
23
JUNE 2022
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