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Tongues
Hama
centuries.ThisGerman-basedlanguagehasamainlyAramaic
and Hebrew vocabulary with a twinge of Slav and Romance
Bar
linguistic characteristics. Yiddish uses the Hebrew alphabet
Museum/Ardon
andusedtobeoneofthemaindiasporalanguagesintheworld.
However, with many of today’s Jews shifting over to Hebrew
◀TheTempleScroll,
andtheirassimilationtoothercultures,thenumberofYiddish
Israel
estimatedtobefromthe
SecondTemplePeriodis
speakersisdecreasing.
ⓒThe
writteninHebrew.
ModernHebrew
ModernHebrewistheofficiallanguageoftheStateofIsrael.
AftertheHebrewlanguagewassuccessfullyresurrected,there
was a need for a new institution that organized the language.
enoughthatitcanbedividedintothreemoresections:archaic,
In1953,theIsraeligovernmentestablishedtheAcademyofthe
standard,andlate.StandardBiblicalHebrewcorrespondstothe
HebrewLanguagetobecomeanauthorityovertherulesofthe
FirstTemplePeriodwhichlastedbetween1000and586BCE,
language. Scholars toiled away at the Hebrew texts to make
and Late Biblical Hebrew corresponds to the Second Temple
surethattheyweresuitablefortheIsraelipeople.
Period which lasted from 516 BCE to 70 CE. Though there
BecausetherewasahiatusbetweenthetimeBiblicalHebrew
aredifferencesbetweenthethreedivisions,allthreearefound
was spoken and Modern Hebrew came to life, today’s Hebrew
preservedinthereligioustextsoftheJewishpeople.
holds several artificial characteristics. This is because the
Unlike modern day Hebrew, the ordering was Verb-Subject-
hiatus limited the natural evolution of the language. In order
Object, and Biblical Hebrew was written in many different
to fill the vocabulary and expression vacuum caused by the
writing systems including the Samaritan, Paleo-Hebrew, and
hundreds of years of non-existence as an everyday language,
Hebrew alphabets, although the Hebrew bible is mostly in the
Hebrew borrows many terms from similar Semitic languages
Hebrewalphabet.Whatsetsthiswritingsystemasideisthatit
or creates new words based on existing Hebrew words. In
was originally indicated only with consonants. Not all sounds
addition, Hebrew’s existence in a world of globalization led to
wererepresentedbythetext.
itsborrowingofloanwordsfromotherlanguages.
Now, there exists a standard dialect and more and more
people are learning it as their mother tongue. The language is
LanguagesDerivedfromHebrew
Ladino means “Latino” in Hebrew and it is the language of
on course to develop more naturally now, as Hebrew speakers
mainly the Jews who moved to the Ottoman Empire (current
of different backgrounds speak a variety of Hebrew dialects.
day Turkey) because they were exiled from the Iberian
Though they are
ⓒWikimedia
Peninsula due to religious oppression. These Jews used to be
not geographical
assimilated into Iberian society and therefore, derived their
dialects, Israelis
language from Old Spanish. They formed a language that was
who come from
a natural combination of Romance language grammar and
different regions
Hebrew vocabulary. Today, Jewish communities in the Balkan
of the world have
Peninsula,Turkey,theMiddleEast,andNorthernAfricacanbe
similar accents that
foundspeakingLadino.
can be considered
Yiddishwaslikelytohavebeenderivedfromcertaintypesof
dialects.
▲EliezerBenYehuda,thefatherofModern
Hebrew,playedakeyroleintheestablishment
Middle High German that existed between the 11th and 13th
oftheAcademyoftheHebrewLanguage.
Justaswe,Koreans,foughttokeepourlanguagealiveduringtheJapanesecolonialrule,theJewsfoughttopreservetheir
languages. We know from our history that preserving Korean was a rough journey, and that was only lasted for 30 years,
which is a speck of time compared to the centuries that the Jewish language was “frozen” in time. However, through the
historyofHebrew,itbecomesclearthatifthepeoplewhoidentifywithalanguagegiveittheiralltoprotecttheirlanguage,
itwillbearfruit.ThisisalessonthatspeakersofanylanguagecanreceivefromHebrew,alanguagethatwaswantedbyits
people,deadoralive.
chhwpark@hufs.ac.kr
22
www.theargus.org
Hama
centuries.ThisGerman-basedlanguagehasamainlyAramaic
and Hebrew vocabulary with a twinge of Slav and Romance
Bar
linguistic characteristics. Yiddish uses the Hebrew alphabet
Museum/Ardon
andusedtobeoneofthemaindiasporalanguagesintheworld.
However, with many of today’s Jews shifting over to Hebrew
◀TheTempleScroll,
andtheirassimilationtoothercultures,thenumberofYiddish
Israel
estimatedtobefromthe
SecondTemplePeriodis
speakersisdecreasing.
ⓒThe
writteninHebrew.
ModernHebrew
ModernHebrewistheofficiallanguageoftheStateofIsrael.
AftertheHebrewlanguagewassuccessfullyresurrected,there
was a need for a new institution that organized the language.
enoughthatitcanbedividedintothreemoresections:archaic,
In1953,theIsraeligovernmentestablishedtheAcademyofthe
standard,andlate.StandardBiblicalHebrewcorrespondstothe
HebrewLanguagetobecomeanauthorityovertherulesofthe
FirstTemplePeriodwhichlastedbetween1000and586BCE,
language. Scholars toiled away at the Hebrew texts to make
and Late Biblical Hebrew corresponds to the Second Temple
surethattheyweresuitablefortheIsraelipeople.
Period which lasted from 516 BCE to 70 CE. Though there
BecausetherewasahiatusbetweenthetimeBiblicalHebrew
aredifferencesbetweenthethreedivisions,allthreearefound
was spoken and Modern Hebrew came to life, today’s Hebrew
preservedinthereligioustextsoftheJewishpeople.
holds several artificial characteristics. This is because the
Unlike modern day Hebrew, the ordering was Verb-Subject-
hiatus limited the natural evolution of the language. In order
Object, and Biblical Hebrew was written in many different
to fill the vocabulary and expression vacuum caused by the
writing systems including the Samaritan, Paleo-Hebrew, and
hundreds of years of non-existence as an everyday language,
Hebrew alphabets, although the Hebrew bible is mostly in the
Hebrew borrows many terms from similar Semitic languages
Hebrewalphabet.Whatsetsthiswritingsystemasideisthatit
or creates new words based on existing Hebrew words. In
was originally indicated only with consonants. Not all sounds
addition, Hebrew’s existence in a world of globalization led to
wererepresentedbythetext.
itsborrowingofloanwordsfromotherlanguages.
Now, there exists a standard dialect and more and more
people are learning it as their mother tongue. The language is
LanguagesDerivedfromHebrew
Ladino means “Latino” in Hebrew and it is the language of
on course to develop more naturally now, as Hebrew speakers
mainly the Jews who moved to the Ottoman Empire (current
of different backgrounds speak a variety of Hebrew dialects.
day Turkey) because they were exiled from the Iberian
Though they are
ⓒWikimedia
Peninsula due to religious oppression. These Jews used to be
not geographical
assimilated into Iberian society and therefore, derived their
dialects, Israelis
language from Old Spanish. They formed a language that was
who come from
a natural combination of Romance language grammar and
different regions
Hebrew vocabulary. Today, Jewish communities in the Balkan
of the world have
Peninsula,Turkey,theMiddleEast,andNorthernAfricacanbe
similar accents that
foundspeakingLadino.
can be considered
Yiddishwaslikelytohavebeenderivedfromcertaintypesof
dialects.
▲EliezerBenYehuda,thefatherofModern
Hebrew,playedakeyroleintheestablishment
Middle High German that existed between the 11th and 13th
oftheAcademyoftheHebrewLanguage.
Justaswe,Koreans,foughttokeepourlanguagealiveduringtheJapanesecolonialrule,theJewsfoughttopreservetheir
languages. We know from our history that preserving Korean was a rough journey, and that was only lasted for 30 years,
which is a speck of time compared to the centuries that the Jewish language was “frozen” in time. However, through the
historyofHebrew,itbecomesclearthatifthepeoplewhoidentifywithalanguagegiveittheiralltoprotecttheirlanguage,
itwillbearfruit.ThisisalessonthatspeakersofanylanguagecanreceivefromHebrew,alanguagethatwaswantedbyits
people,deadoralive.
chhwpark@hufs.ac.kr
22
www.theargus.org
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