총 44페이지
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Caduceus
America,racismemergedwhenpeoplewithwhiteskincreated
HowDidRacismDevelop?
prejudice against certain groups to justify the exploitation
“White Only;” “Black Lives Matter;”
ⓒslaveryimages
of African American and Native Americans. Racism has
“Stop Asian Hate.” These phrases
reproduced undesirable norms where differences in skin color
have been in the news and demonstrate
canbethebasisofdiscriminationacrosstheworld.
that racism is still pervasive. Racism
assumes that human beings can be
categorized by skin color and that
skin color can be used to judge the
AppearancesDependingontheEnvironment
superiority of certain ethnic groups.
Gun violence against African
▲Enslavedmen(bottom,
DifferencesinColorsofSkin,Eyes,andHair:Sunlight
R) pack tobacco into
Americans in the U.S., Asian hate
DeterminesColor
barrels, while two
seen in Europe during the pandemic,
white men(bottom,
L) keep recording
ⓒeyesofhowick
and discrimination against Southeast
the number of filled
containers.
Asian migrant workers in South Korea
illustrate that the world is still trapped
in racism. How did the concept of judging people based on
theirskincolorappear?
According to the book, “Because I am Asian: Politics of
Hate and Discrimination” (2022) and “Once Have Called: the
history of Racism and Pejoratives in South Korea” (2022),
▲UVAandUVBaretwoconstitutiveraysofsunlightthataffectskincolor.
written by Jeong Hoi-ok, Professor of Political Science
and Diplomacy at Myongji University, the word “race” was
Distinct differences in skin color have been the foundation
coined in the process of one group meeting another group
of racist ideologies for a long time. However, different skin
and comparing themselves to each other. During the Age of
colors just indicate that different groups of people have grown
Discoveryfromthe15thcenturytothe17thcentury,Europeans
up in different environments. According to the book, “Skin:
reachedAfricaandfoundthemselvesbeingrelatively“whiter”
A Natural History” (2012) written by Nina G. Jablonski, it is
than native Africans. They came up with the idea that they
sunlight that determines the appearance of modern human
could distinguish people by their skin color. Afterward, in the
beings. Early hominids living in Africa near the equator were
exposed to strong sunlight. As their bodies gained lots of heat
18thcentury,asslaveryspreadacrossAmerica,racewasfirmly
throughintenseexercise,theyneededtoreleaseheatefficiently
established as a criterion for classifying and judging human
to maintain their body temperature. Furless skin with multiple
beings. At that time, tobacco planters began to look for cheap
sweat glands was the optimal condition to release body heat.
labor. Accordingly, plantation owners with white skin tried
However, without fur, which protects the skin by absorbing
to justify exploiting black people and Native Americans by
or reflecting ultraviolet rays (UV), hominids’ skin became
separatingthemfromwhitepeopleandtreatingthemhorribly.
vulnerable to sunlight. To survive, their skin went through
They spread the belief that people with dark skin are born
biologicalchangesthatincreasedmelanin.*Twoconstitutiverays
inferior and unable to be improved even with education. That
of sunlight affect skin color: UVA with a long wavelength and
beliefsolidifiedintotheracismwhichwronglydeemed“white”
UVBwithamiddlewavelength.UVAdestroysfolicacid,oneof
assuperiorto“black.”ProfessorJeongadds,“Therulinggroup
thewater-solublevitamins,B-complex,disturbingtheproduction
often puts forth an argument that the ruled are inherently
of DNA and reproduction. UVB synthesizes vitamin D and
inferior to justify its dominance.” When the ruling group tries
helpsproducecalcium,anessentialelementofreproduction.At
to gain more power and resources, the ruled can resist the
thesametime,itcancauseskinburnsorskincancerwhenitis
rulingwithanuprising.Torepresssuchanuprisinginadvance,
absorbed in large amounts. Thus, it is important to absorb the
therulinggroupneedstoprovetheircontrolisreasonable.The
properamountofUV,andmelanincontrolsthat.
ideology of racism helps their justification. In other words, in
15
MAY 2023
America,racismemergedwhenpeoplewithwhiteskincreated
HowDidRacismDevelop?
prejudice against certain groups to justify the exploitation
“White Only;” “Black Lives Matter;”
ⓒslaveryimages
of African American and Native Americans. Racism has
“Stop Asian Hate.” These phrases
reproduced undesirable norms where differences in skin color
have been in the news and demonstrate
canbethebasisofdiscriminationacrosstheworld.
that racism is still pervasive. Racism
assumes that human beings can be
categorized by skin color and that
skin color can be used to judge the
AppearancesDependingontheEnvironment
superiority of certain ethnic groups.
Gun violence against African
▲Enslavedmen(bottom,
DifferencesinColorsofSkin,Eyes,andHair:Sunlight
R) pack tobacco into
Americans in the U.S., Asian hate
DeterminesColor
barrels, while two
seen in Europe during the pandemic,
white men(bottom,
L) keep recording
ⓒeyesofhowick
and discrimination against Southeast
the number of filled
containers.
Asian migrant workers in South Korea
illustrate that the world is still trapped
in racism. How did the concept of judging people based on
theirskincolorappear?
According to the book, “Because I am Asian: Politics of
Hate and Discrimination” (2022) and “Once Have Called: the
history of Racism and Pejoratives in South Korea” (2022),
▲UVAandUVBaretwoconstitutiveraysofsunlightthataffectskincolor.
written by Jeong Hoi-ok, Professor of Political Science
and Diplomacy at Myongji University, the word “race” was
Distinct differences in skin color have been the foundation
coined in the process of one group meeting another group
of racist ideologies for a long time. However, different skin
and comparing themselves to each other. During the Age of
colors just indicate that different groups of people have grown
Discoveryfromthe15thcenturytothe17thcentury,Europeans
up in different environments. According to the book, “Skin:
reachedAfricaandfoundthemselvesbeingrelatively“whiter”
A Natural History” (2012) written by Nina G. Jablonski, it is
than native Africans. They came up with the idea that they
sunlight that determines the appearance of modern human
could distinguish people by their skin color. Afterward, in the
beings. Early hominids living in Africa near the equator were
exposed to strong sunlight. As their bodies gained lots of heat
18thcentury,asslaveryspreadacrossAmerica,racewasfirmly
throughintenseexercise,theyneededtoreleaseheatefficiently
established as a criterion for classifying and judging human
to maintain their body temperature. Furless skin with multiple
beings. At that time, tobacco planters began to look for cheap
sweat glands was the optimal condition to release body heat.
labor. Accordingly, plantation owners with white skin tried
However, without fur, which protects the skin by absorbing
to justify exploiting black people and Native Americans by
or reflecting ultraviolet rays (UV), hominids’ skin became
separatingthemfromwhitepeopleandtreatingthemhorribly.
vulnerable to sunlight. To survive, their skin went through
They spread the belief that people with dark skin are born
biologicalchangesthatincreasedmelanin.*Twoconstitutiverays
inferior and unable to be improved even with education. That
of sunlight affect skin color: UVA with a long wavelength and
beliefsolidifiedintotheracismwhichwronglydeemed“white”
UVBwithamiddlewavelength.UVAdestroysfolicacid,oneof
assuperiorto“black.”ProfessorJeongadds,“Therulinggroup
thewater-solublevitamins,B-complex,disturbingtheproduction
often puts forth an argument that the ruled are inherently
of DNA and reproduction. UVB synthesizes vitamin D and
inferior to justify its dominance.” When the ruling group tries
helpsproducecalcium,anessentialelementofreproduction.At
to gain more power and resources, the ruled can resist the
thesametime,itcancauseskinburnsorskincancerwhenitis
rulingwithanuprising.Torepresssuchanuprisinginadvance,
absorbed in large amounts. Thus, it is important to absorb the
therulinggroupneedstoprovetheircontrolisreasonable.The
properamountofUV,andmelanincontrolsthat.
ideology of racism helps their justification. In other words, in
15
MAY 2023
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