총 36페이지

Morpheus
ⓒTheoryLeaks
Lacaniantheory
Dr. Jacques Lacan, the most important contributor of
psychoanalysis since Sigmund Freud, asserted that a child’s
acquisition of language occurs in the context of interactions.
He structured the infant development stage into three
▲Dr.JacquesLacanwasamajorfigureof
fundamentalcomplexesthatrepresentthefamilyrelationship:
psychoanalysis.
the weaning complex related to the mother, the inferiority
complextowardssiblingsandtheOedipuscomplexwiththeimagoofthefather.
In Lacan’s theory, the primitive phase begins when the womb generates. This causes the separation from
themotherandshattersachild’sillusionthatthemotherisalwaysthereforthem.Thenwiththepresenceof
afather,thechild’sconfusionintensifies.Thatisthemomentwhenthelovetowardsthemother,theidealized
figure,turnsintoobsession,leadingthechildtolongforthestatebeforebirth.
The complex of intrusion happens when a child finds out there is another one to share the mother’s love.
Growingup,thefeelingofjealousyhelpsthechildtorecognizehimorherself.Scholarscallthisthe“Mirror
stage.”“‘Thatimageisme.Iamtall.Ihaveblackhair.Icantouchmytoes’etc.isalwaysdependentonthe
languagewehaveavailabletousatthetime,whichmeansourunderstandingofourselvesandourbodiescan
changethroughtime.Thistellsusthattheinitialencounterwiththemirrorisnevertrulyorwhollyus,but
amisrecognitionwecanneverfullyknow,”elaboratedMarkRanger,anautismpractitionerattheSouthern
Autism Practice. The imaginary murder of the sibling is actually a disguise for the sophisticated mental
identification of self by distinguishing from the other-in this case, the sibling. Naturally, the capacity for
speech will develop, requiring the symbolic representations to articulate the adopted beliefs of their own.
Thus,inthisregard,thephallicmothergetsrepressedintotheunconsciousas“incestisimaginaryinLacan’s
termsbecauseitisanattempttobypassthefundamentalsymbolicprohibition,”explainsToddMcGowan,a
professorattheUniversityofVermont.
This is how the structure of Imaginary Order, the fundamental narcissistic world that a child creates in
one’sfantasyforoneselfandone’sidealobject,givesawaytotheSymbolicOrder,thepre-establishedworld
thatgreetsthesubjectbythewebofsignificationandlanguage.Hence,thephallicsymbolplaysafunction
ofsignifyingallsignifiersofthefamilialnetworkbygrantingthechildaspecificpositionassomeone’sson
ordaughter.Lacanintroducesthisasadoctrineofpaternalmetaphor,namelytheName-of-the-Father,ashe
sawthefatherasthefirstrepresentativeofthedemarcatedworldofgrown-ups,regulatingalltherepression
of desire between the ego and the mother. Here, the Oedipal identification goes through the child as the
symbolic father castrates the child through the subject’s insertion into language. In detail, the Oedipus
complex is used to describe the child’s experience of having erotic attachment to one parent and hostility
towardtheother,originatingfromtheGreekmythofOedipus,whokilledhisfatherandmarriedhismother.
Itdemonstratesthedeterminativedimensionofhumanexperiencethroughthefamilialrelationship;asLacan
stated,“man’sdesirebreaksoutfromthedesireoftheother.”
LookintoDogtooth
ImaginaryOrderoftheautocratichousehold
Scene#1
“In Dogtooth, the parents attempt to keep the children in an imaginary isolation away from the external
influenceoftheSymbolicOrder.Itisinterestingthatthegirlcanonlyescapebyundergoingaself-castration
orsymbolicloss.Freudclaimsthatthelossofatoothstandsinforcastrationindreams.Andcastrationis
whatoccurs(forbothsexes)throughentranceintothesymbolicorder.Therewouldseemofimaginaryand
real in the children’s imprisonment,” says McGowan. The act of liberation itself tells you the name of the
title.Thefamilylifeinthefilmismaintainedbythephobicmythologythattrapsthechildreninaparentally
determinedstateofimmaturity.
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