총 44페이지
13페이지 본문시작
Caduceus
surfacetofillthevoid.Whenupwellingoccurs,plankton
this way, seawater with different temperatures is used
thriveinthespotwherethedeep-seawaterrisesandthe
to change the state of ammonia and produce electricity.
marinelifethatfeedsontheplanktonbecomesabundant,
As such, deep-sea water is a practical resource that
creating excellent fishing grounds. In this way, the
can generate electricity for human needs beyond being
beneficial composition of deep-sea water has a positive
consumedasdrinkingwater.
effect on the surrounding ecosystem because of the
Dokdoeffect.
ManganeseNodule,aMineralResourceBearing
TracesofLife
Manganese nodules are fueling the 21st century gold
ⓒDokdo
rush. Currently, China, the United Kingdom, Canada,
and others are all vying for control of these valuable
resources. Manganese nodules are lumps of various rare
metals and are scattered from 4 to 6 km below the sea
including the Pacific and Indian Oceans. In Korea, the
minerals are buried in the deep seabed 2,000 meters
below the sea near Dokdo. They are recognized as
valuable resources in that they contain metals such as
nickel, copper, and cobalt, which are the basic materials
for high-tech industries. Manganese nodules grow
▲Sunlight cannot pass through an aphotic layer where deep ocean
in circumference by 1-10 mm every 1 million years.
waterexists.
Therefore,theyhavetolastmorethan10millionyearsto
Mineral-rich deep-sea water can be used not only
becomethesizeofanadult’sfist.
for drinking water and cosmetics but also for power
Manganese nodules are made of metal components
generation processes that produce electrical energy. The
dissolved in the form of ions in seawater. After the ions
processiscalledseawatertemperaturedifferencepower
precipitate to the deep, they go through physical and
generation, referring to the method that takes advantage
chemical reactions, forming manganese nodules. These
of the fact that the temperature of the seawater varies
blackmetalmassesarefoundmainlyonthedeepseabed,
depending on the depth. The average temperature of the
farawayfromthecontinents,ratherthanonthecontinental
surface water is from 25 to 30 C throughout the year,
shelves that are closer to the continents. The continental
and that of the deep-sea water is from 5 to 7 C, with
shelf is the part of the continent that is submerged in
an average difference of about 15 C. According to the
seawater, and it refers to the terrain of the seabed with a
report “East Sea in Ocean Science” (2023) published
slow grade and a maximum depth of 200 meters. On the
by KOIST, the sea temperature differences generation
continental shelf, sediments such as living carcasses and
takes advantage of changes in the state of ammonia.
floats accumulate relatively quickly. As a result, before
Ammonia exists as a gas at room temperature, but at
metal oxides surround the byproducts of living things,
lowtemperatures,itcoolsrapidlyandturnsintoaliquid.
sediment covers them. In contrast, in the deep seabed,
The generation process begins with turning ammonia,
sedimentsaccumulateslowly,lessthan7mmevery1,000
which exists in a liquid state, into a gas using relatively
years, so the byproducts are not covered by the sediment
warmsurfacewater.Thepressureoftheammoniavapor
andcansuccessfullycombinewithmetalions.Thereason
producedwhenthegasisgeneratedmobilizestheturbine
for this is not clear, but it is speculated that the creatures
to produce electricity. Afterwards, the ammonia gas is
undertheseathatroaminsearchoffoodkepttouchingthe
cooledbythecolddeep-seawaterpumpedfromadepth
manganesenodules,changingtheirlocationlittlebylittle,
of 1000 meters and turns back into a liquid state. In
sothattheywerenotcoveredbysediments.
11
OCTOBER 2023
surfacetofillthevoid.Whenupwellingoccurs,plankton
this way, seawater with different temperatures is used
thriveinthespotwherethedeep-seawaterrisesandthe
to change the state of ammonia and produce electricity.
marinelifethatfeedsontheplanktonbecomesabundant,
As such, deep-sea water is a practical resource that
creating excellent fishing grounds. In this way, the
can generate electricity for human needs beyond being
beneficial composition of deep-sea water has a positive
consumedasdrinkingwater.
effect on the surrounding ecosystem because of the
Dokdoeffect.
ManganeseNodule,aMineralResourceBearing
TracesofLife
Manganese nodules are fueling the 21st century gold
ⓒDokdo
rush. Currently, China, the United Kingdom, Canada,
and others are all vying for control of these valuable
resources. Manganese nodules are lumps of various rare
metals and are scattered from 4 to 6 km below the sea
including the Pacific and Indian Oceans. In Korea, the
minerals are buried in the deep seabed 2,000 meters
below the sea near Dokdo. They are recognized as
valuable resources in that they contain metals such as
nickel, copper, and cobalt, which are the basic materials
for high-tech industries. Manganese nodules grow
▲Sunlight cannot pass through an aphotic layer where deep ocean
in circumference by 1-10 mm every 1 million years.
waterexists.
Therefore,theyhavetolastmorethan10millionyearsto
Mineral-rich deep-sea water can be used not only
becomethesizeofanadult’sfist.
for drinking water and cosmetics but also for power
Manganese nodules are made of metal components
generation processes that produce electrical energy. The
dissolved in the form of ions in seawater. After the ions
processiscalledseawatertemperaturedifferencepower
precipitate to the deep, they go through physical and
generation, referring to the method that takes advantage
chemical reactions, forming manganese nodules. These
of the fact that the temperature of the seawater varies
blackmetalmassesarefoundmainlyonthedeepseabed,
depending on the depth. The average temperature of the
farawayfromthecontinents,ratherthanonthecontinental
surface water is from 25 to 30 C throughout the year,
shelves that are closer to the continents. The continental
and that of the deep-sea water is from 5 to 7 C, with
shelf is the part of the continent that is submerged in
an average difference of about 15 C. According to the
seawater, and it refers to the terrain of the seabed with a
report “East Sea in Ocean Science” (2023) published
slow grade and a maximum depth of 200 meters. On the
by KOIST, the sea temperature differences generation
continental shelf, sediments such as living carcasses and
takes advantage of changes in the state of ammonia.
floats accumulate relatively quickly. As a result, before
Ammonia exists as a gas at room temperature, but at
metal oxides surround the byproducts of living things,
lowtemperatures,itcoolsrapidlyandturnsintoaliquid.
sediment covers them. In contrast, in the deep seabed,
The generation process begins with turning ammonia,
sedimentsaccumulateslowly,lessthan7mmevery1,000
which exists in a liquid state, into a gas using relatively
years, so the byproducts are not covered by the sediment
warmsurfacewater.Thepressureoftheammoniavapor
andcansuccessfullycombinewithmetalions.Thereason
producedwhenthegasisgeneratedmobilizestheturbine
for this is not clear, but it is speculated that the creatures
to produce electricity. Afterwards, the ammonia gas is
undertheseathatroaminsearchoffoodkepttouchingthe
cooledbythecolddeep-seawaterpumpedfromadepth
manganesenodules,changingtheirlocationlittlebylittle,
of 1000 meters and turns back into a liquid state. In
sothattheywerenotcoveredbysediments.
11
OCTOBER 2023
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